From: Carl W. Conrad (cwconrad@artsci.wustl.edu)
Date: Sun Dec 19 1999 - 08:35:16 EST
Edgar Foster:
>Looking at the Greek text of Rev. 21:22 makes me wonder how this verse fits
>in with the GS rule. The text says:
>
>hO GAR KURIOS hO QEOS hO PANTOKRATWR NAOS AUTHS ESTIN KAI TO ARNION.
>
>My questions are--is hO PANTOKRATWR in apposition to hO GAR KURIOS hO QEOS?
>Is Rev. 21:22 an example of the GS rule? What is the meaning (signification)
>of KAI in Rev. 21:22?
While this might conceivably be called apposition (that's the way I explain
this kind of attributive construction), it really is the regular type of
attributive add-on to a noun. I take it that here NAOS AUTHS is the
predicate word and that KURIOS is the subject; then ho QEOS and hO
PANTOKRATWR, as I would understand the construction are TWO add-on
attributive expressions belonging with KURIOS, understanding KURIOS here
not as a title but as the proper name commonly conveying the Hebrew
tetragram when used in Greek without an article; hO QEOS also seems to be
used as a proper name (inasmuch, particularly, as we find it so often used
as a vocative in the LXX either in the nominative case-form or as" W QEE").
Standard English pretty much has to convey this attributive sequence as
apposition: "The Lord God Ruler of all." I don't think the GS rule has
anything to do with this phraseology.
As for KAI, I would take it as a simple conjunction used to add a second
subject to the predicate of the original clause (to NAOS AUTHS ESTIN). I
suppose it would be POSSIBLE to punctuate with a comma after ESTIN and
understand TO ARNION as an appositive to KURIOS hO QEOS hO
PANTOKRATWR--with KAI having adverbial force ("even the Lamb"), but to me
personally, that seems far less natural than reading TO ARNION as an
appended second subject linked to the first with the KAI.
Carl W. Conrad
Department of Classics/Washington University
One Brookings Drive/St. Louis, MO, USA 63130/(314) 935-4018
Home: 7222 Colgate Ave./St. Louis, MO 63130/(314) 726-5649
cwconrad@artsci.wustl.edu
WWW: http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~cwconrad/
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