1 Peter 3:20: APEIQHSASIN

From: Harold R. Holmyard III (hholmyard@ont.com)
Date: Mon May 08 2000 - 19:08:13 EDT


To Carl (and anybody interested):
     Thanks again for the material from the archives on APEIQHSASIN in 1
Pet 3:20. I read through all of it with interest. Please let me say a
couple of things. First, someone wrote in connection with the phrase EN hWi
in 1 Pet 3:19:

>He concludes his discussion with adding that every other time EN hWi is
>used in I Peter, it bears and adverbial/conjunctive force (1:6, 2:12,
>3:16, 4:4).

Let me suggest a couple of places in Peter where hWi seems to have an
antecedent, and thus to function as a pronoun. In 1:6 hWi in the phrase EN
hWi seems to refer back to SWTHRION in 1:5. They rejoice in a salvation
which is ready to be revealed in the last time. Admittedly, EN hWi in 2:16
and 3:16 could have an adverbial/conjunctive force. In 4:4 the antecedent
for hWi in the phrase EN hWi could be BOULNMA in 4:3. Sufficient is the
time past to do the will of the Gentiles, in which they are astonished that
you do not run together (with them). Are these suggestions not valid?
     Second, I tried to find a parallel for the use of an attributive
participle subsequent to its antecedent but without a definite article (my
understanding of APEIQHSASIN in 1 Pet 3:20). What do you think of the
example I cited in 2 Cor 3:2? There we read:

hH EPISTOLH hHMWN hUMEIS ESTE, EGGEGRAMMENH EN TAIS KARDIAIS hHMWN,
GINWSKOMENH KAI ANAGINWSKOMENH hUPO PANTWN ANQRWPWN.

"For you are our epistle, written in our hearts, known and read by all men."

It seems that EGGEGRAMMENH in 2 Cor 3:2 is quite close in function to
APEIQHSASIN in 1 Pet 3:20. Both participles follow their antecedent with
several intervening words. The antecedent in both cases has the article,
while the participle does not. In both cases the participle initiates a
clause that follows the clause in which the antecedent stands. In both
cases the antecedent is placed first in its own clause for emphasis. The
participle has some appositional force in both verses. In both cases the
participle has a somewhat substantival usage; in 2 Cor 3:2 the idea would
be: "You are our epistle, one written in our hearts." For 1 Pet 3:19-20 the
idea would be: "in which also to the spirits in prison going he preached,
to ones disobedient formerly."
     Does not this example in 2 Cor 3:2 provide a good analogy for taking
APEIQHSASIN in 1 Pet 3:20 in an attributive rather than in an adverbial
sense?

                                Yours,
                                Harold Holmyard



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