ncpmount, mount.ncp - mount volume(s) from a specified
NetWare fileserver.
SYNOPSIS
ncpmount [ -h ] [ -S server ] [ -U user name ] [ -P pass
word | -n ] [ -C ] [ -c client name ] [ -u uid ] [ -g gid
] [ -f file mode ] [ -d dir mode ] [ -V volume ] [ -t
time_out ] [ -r retry_count ] [ -b ] [ -i level ] [ -v ] [
-m ] [ -y iocharset ] [ -p codepage ] [ -N ignored names
pace ] [ -2 ] [ -3 ] [ -s ] [ -A dns name ] mount-point
mount.ncp remote-server-and-user mount-point [ -n ] [ -v ]
[ -o mount_options ]
DESCRIPTION
This program is used to mount volumes of the specified
NetWare Fileserver under the specified mount point.
ncpfs is a linux filesystem which understands the NCP pro
tocol. This is the protocol Novell NetWare clients use to
talk to NetWare servers. ncpfs was inspired by lwared, a
free NetWare emulator for Linux written by Ales Dryak. See
ftp://klokan.sh.cvut.cz/pub/linux for this very interest
ing program.
ncpmount, when invoked with all appropriate arguments,
attaches and logs into specified server and mounts all
volumes (or one volume or subtree) from server under the
specified mount point. ncpmount when invoked without any
arguments specifying the fileserver, user id and password
checks the file $HOME/.nwclient to find a file server, a
user name and possibly a password to use for the specified
mount point. See nwclient(5) for more information. Please
note that the access permissions of .nwclient MUST be 600,
for security reasons.
OPTIONS
mount-point
mount-point is the directory you want to mount the
filesystem over. Its function is the the same as for a
normal mount command.
If the real uid of the caller is not root, ncpmount
checks whether the user is allowed to mount a filesys
tem on the mount-point. So it should be safe to make
ncpmount setuid root. The filesystem stores the uid of
the user who called ncpmount. So ncpumount can check
whether the caller is allowed to unmount the filesys
tem.
remote-server-and-user)
server is the name of the server you want to use.
-h
-h is used to print out a short help text.
-C (mount option noupcasepasswd)
By default passwords are converted to uppercase before
they are sent to the server because most servers
require this. This option disables this feature ensur
ing that passwords are sent without any case conver
sion.
-n (mount option nopasswd)
-n must be specified for logins that do not have a
password configured. This option means do not update
/etc/mtab if there is option -o on command line. You
must use -o nopasswd in this case.
passwdfile=file (only mount option)
If you want specify password and you do not want store
it into world readable /etc/fstab, you can use this
option. file then contains lines in form
SERVER/USER:PASSWORD:other_data (other_data are cur
rently unused)
-P password (mount option passwd=)
specifies the password to use for the Netware user id.
If neither -n nor the -P nor the passwdfile= arguments
are specified ncpmount will prompt for a password. This
makes it difficult to use in scripts such as /etc/rc.
If you want to have ncpmount work automatically from a
script you must include the appropriate option and be
very careful to ensure that appopriate file permissions
are set for the script that includes your password to
ensure that others can not read it.
-U user name (mount option user= or rest of remote-server-
and-user after /)
Specifies the Netware user id to use when logging in to
the fileserver. If this option is not specified then
ncpmount will attempt to login to the fileserver using
the Linux login id of the user invoking ncpmount.
-m (mount option multiple)
Normally, ncpmount limits number of connections from
client to server to one per unique user name. If you
want mount more than one connection with same username
and server, you must specify -m.
-u uid, -g gid (mount option uid= and gid=)
ncpmount does not yet implement a scheme for mapping
requires that each file has an owner and group id.
With -u and -g you can tell ncpmount which id's it
should assign to the files in the mounted directory.
The defaults for these values are the current uid and
gid.
-c user name (mount option owner=)
-c names the user who is the owner of the connection,
where owner does not refer to file ownership (that
"owner" is set by the -u argument), but the owner of
the mount, ie: who is allowed to call ncpumount on this
mount. The default owner of the connection and the
mount is the user who called ncpmount. This option
allows you to specify that some other user should be
set as the owner.
In this this way it is possible to mount a public read-
only directory, but to allow the lp daemon to print on
NetWare queues. This is possible because only users who
have write permissions on a directory may issue ncp
requests over a connection. The exception to this rule
is the 'mount owner', who is also granted 'request per
mission'.
-f file mode, -d dir mode (mount option mode= (or file
mode=) and dirmode=)
Like -u and -g, these options are used to determine
what permissions should be assigned files and directo
ries of the mounted volumes. The values must be speci
fied as octal numbers. The default values are taken
from the current umask, where the file mode is the cur
rent umask, and the dir mode adds execute permissions
where the file mode gives read permissions.
Note that these permissions can differ from the rights
the server gives to us. If you do not have write per
missions on the server, you can very well choose a file
mode that tells that you have. This certainly cannot
override the restrictions imposed by the server.
-V volume (mount option volume=)
There are 2 general ways you can mount a NetWare
server's disk space: Either you can mount all volumes
under one directory, or you can mount only a single
volume.
When you choose to mount the complete disk space at
once, you have the advantage that only one Linux mount
point and only one NetWare connection is used for all
the volumes of this server. Both of these are limited
resources. (Although raising the number of Linux mount
points is significantly cheaper than raising the number
When you specify to mount a single volume by using the
option -V volume, you have the big advantage that nfsd
is able to re-export this mounted directory. You must
invoke nfsd and mountd with the option --re-export to
make nfsd re-export ncpfs mounted directories. This
uses one Linux mount point and one NetWare connection
per mounted volume. Maybe sometime in the future I will
make it possible to mount all volumes on different
mount points, using only one connection.
-t time_out (mount option timeo= or timeout=)
With -t you can adjust the time ncpfs waits for the
server to answer a request it sent. Use the option to
raise the timeout value when your ncpfs connections
seem to be unstable although your servers are well up.
This can happen when you have very busy servers, or
servers that are very far away.
time_out is specified in 1/100s, the current default
value is 60.
-r retry_count (mount option retry=)
As -t, -r can be used to tune the ncpfs connection to
the server. With retry_count you can specify how many
times ncpfs will attempt to send a packet to the server
before it decides the connection is dead. The current
default value is 5.
Currently ncpfs is not too clever when trying to find
out that connections are dead. If anybody knows how to
do that correctly, as it is done by commercial worksta
tions, please tell me.
-y iocharset (mount option iocharset=)
You can specify character translation rules for con
verting names from unicode to your desktop (it works
together with -p). iocharset is charset name, for
example iso-8859-1.
-p codepage (mount option codepage=)
You can specify character translation rules for con
verting names from Netware encoding to unicode (it
works together with -y). codepage is codepage name,
for example cp437.
-b (mount option bindery)
If you are connecting to NetWare 4 or NetWare 5 through
bindery emulation instead of NDS, you must specify this
option.
-i level (mount option signature=level)
Enables packet signing. level is from 0 to 3: 0 means
if server allows it and 3 means sign packets always.
-v
Print ncpfs version number. It has another meaning
(verbose) if you specify -o on command line. If you are
interested in version, type ncpmount -v without another
options.
-A dns name (mount option ipserver=dns name)
When you are mounting volumes from NetWare 5 server
over UDP, you must specify dns name of server here and
logical server name in -S (or in server=). This name is
used to switch ncpmount into UDP mode and to specify
server to connect. Currently, DNS is only supported IP
name resolution protocol. There is currently no support
for SLP.
-N ignored namespace (mount option nonfs and nolong)
ncpfs supports NFS, LONG (OS/2) and DOS namespace on
NetWare volumes. If you do not want to use NFS or LONG
namespace (because of bugs in (server) code or for
backward compatibility), you must specify these ignored
namespaces in mount parameters.
-2
If you have unusual ncpfs code in kernel and ncpmount
is not able to autodetect it, use this option. It
switches ncpmount to ncpfs interface version 2, which
was used in 2.0.x kernels.
-3
If you have unusual ncpfs code in kernel and ncpmount
is not able to autodetect it, use this option. It
switches ncpmount to ncpfs interface version 3, which
was used in 2.1.x kernels and is used in 2.2.x kernels.
-s (mount option strong)
Normally, files marked read-only cannot be removed from
NetWare volume because of they are marked Delete
Inhibit and Rename Inhibit. If you want to remove these
files by simple unlink, you should mount volume with
this option.
mount option nostrong
Refuse to remove read-only files. If you want remove
such file, you must first remove read-only attribute.
It is standard behavior of ncpfs.
mount option symlinks
Use special, normally unused, attributes combinations
to express symlinks, executable attributes and files
readable by world.
Do not allow special meaning of 'shareable' attribute.
This is a default.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
USER / LOGNAME
The variables USER or LOGNAME may contain the username
of the person using the client. USER is tried first.
If it's empty, LOGNAME is tried.
DIAGNOSTICS
Most diagnostics issued by ncpfs are logged by syslogd.
Normally nothing is printed, only error situations are
logged there.
EXAMPLES
If you want to mount volume SYS as user DOWNLOAD from
server MIRROR into directory /home/pub/mirror, with files
owner mirror.mirror and file mode -rw-r--r--, you can add
MIRROR/DOWNLOAD /home/pub/mirror ncp
defaults,mode=644,uid=mirror,gid=mirror,owner=root,vol
ume=SYS,nopasswd,multiple
into /etc/fstab. You should always specify multiple in
mount options, otherwise there can be only one connection
to server with same name.
NOTES
IPX
You must configure the IPX subsystem before ncpmount
will work. It is especially important that there is a
route to the internal network of your server.
IP
You must specify both -S logical_name and -A dns_name.
logical_name is used for searching .nwclient, other
configuration files and is logged into /etc/mtab,
dns_name is used for connecting to server. In future,
logical_name will be read from server.
/etc/fstab
You must specify filesystem type ncp and not ncpfs
although it is reported as ncpfs in /etc/mtab and
/proc/mounts.
SEE ALSO
syslogd(8), ncpumount(8), nfsd(8), mountd(8), mount(8)
ncpfs would not have been possible without lwared, written
by Ales Dryak (A.Dryak@sh.cvut.cz).
The encryption code was taken from Dr. Dobbs's Journal
11/93. There Pawel Szczerbina described it in an article
on NCP.
The ncpfs code was initially hacked from smbfs by Volker
Lendecke (lendecke@math.uni-goettingen.de). smbfs was put
together by Paal-Kr. Engstad (pke@engstad.ingok.hitos.no)
and later polished by Volker.
Code is currently maintained by Petr Vandrovec (van
drove@vc.cvut.cz).
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