What follows are the subclasses from one class of the Manual of Classification for US patents. As you scroll through the list and encounter a class/subclass of interest, you can jump back to the top and retrieve patent titles by entering the class/subclass in the box below.
Enter a class/subclass code here to get a list of patent titles. Use
any of the following forms:
363-131 121-55A 14-.5
that is, no embedded spaces, class and subclass seperated by a dash, and any
subclass letters capitalized. Currently Design Patent titles (those in the
classes of the form Dxx.yy) are not retreivable.
Class Number: 356
Class Title: OPTICS: MEASURING AND TESTING
Subclass Subclass
Number Title
1 TRIANGULATION BY LIGHT BEAM
2 CONTOUR PLOTTING
3 RANGE OR REMOTE DISTANCE (E.G., HEIGHT) FINDING
4 .With light detector (e.g., photocell)
4.5 ..Of light interference (e.g., interferometer)
5 ..Time delay or phase change of reflected beam
6 .Instrument condition testing or indicating
7 .Periscope or offset type
8 .With view finder
9 .Base line instrument (i.e., base is a part of instrument)
10 ..With filter or light valve
11 ..Range finder combined with height finder
12 ..Stereoscopic
13 ...Ortho-pseudo type
14 ...Stationary measuring marks
15 ..Length of base line variable
16 ..Image displaced by moving refracting element
17 ..Image displaced by rotating reflecting element
18 ..With mounting, support, adjusting, or folding structure
19 ..Prism structure for determining coincidence
20 .External basis type
21 ..Object size or distance known
22 ...With displaced images
23 MOTION STOPPING (E.G., STROBOSCOPES)
24 .Periodically moving reflecting or refracting element
25 .Periodically moving light interrupting element
26 ..Vibrating or oscillating element
27 VELOCITY OR VELOCITY/HEIGHT MEASURING
28 .With light detector (e.g., photocell)
28.5 ..Of light interference (e.g., interferometer)
29 OPTICAL ELEMENT OR RETICLE RESPONDS TO RELATIVE VELOCITY OF
REMOTE OBJECT
30 CRYSTAL OR GEM EXAMINATION
31 .Axes determination
32 MATERIAL STRAIN ANALYSIS
33 .With polarized light
34 ..Attached detector
35 ..Sheet material
35.5 .By light interference detector (e.g., interferometer)
36 WITH SAMPLE PREPARATION
37 .Condensation nuclei detector
38 .Depositing particles on optical surface
39 BLOOD ANALYSIS
40 .Hemoglobin concentration
41 ..Oximeters
42 ..Standards
43 OPTICAL PYROMETERS
44 .With sample engaging rod or tube
45 .Plural color responsive
46 .With incandescent standard
47 ..Automatic intensity control
48 ..Modulating (e.g., flicker beam))
49 ..Telescopic
50 ...Current control
51 INFRARED AND ULTRAVIOLET
52 EGG CANDLING
53 .Photoelectric
54 .With counting, marking, or weighing
55 .With egg transfer
56 ..With egg turning or jarring
57 ...Endless conveyor
58 ..Endless conveyor
59 ..Manual transfer
60 ...With light shading chamber
61 ...Portable receptacles
62 .With light shading chamber
63 ..Hood type
64 .With light box
65 ..With egg turning or jarring
66 ..With particular illumination means
67 ...With particular electrical switching
68 .Lamp attachments
69 CUTTING BLADE SHARPNESS
70 OIL TESTING (E.G., CONTAMINATION)
71 DOCUMENT PATTERN ANALYSIS OR VERIFICATION
72 WITH PLURAL DIVERSE TEST OR ART
73 PLURAL TEST
73.1 FOR OPTICAL FIBER OR WAVEGUIDE INSPECTION
300 BY DISPERSED LIGHT SPECTROSCOPY
301 .With Raman type light scattering
302 .For spectrographic (i.e., photographic) investigation
303 ..With spectral analysis
304 ..With sectored disc
305 ..With diffraction grating
306 .With internal standard comparison
307 .With background radiation comparison
308 .With synchronized spectrum repetitive scanning (e.g.,
cathode-ray readout)
309 ..Using plural beams
310 .With aperture mask
311 .With sample excitation (e.g., burning)
312 ..By electrical resistance heating (e.g., graphite tube)
313 ..By arc or spark
314 ...Including sputtering
315 ..By flame
316 ..By high frequency field (e.g., plasma discharge)
317 ..By light
318 ...Monochromatic (e.g., laser)
319 .Utilizing a spectrophotometer (i.e., plural beam)
320 ..Having plural wavelengths
321 ..Having servo equalization
322 ...With polarized light beams
323 ..Having beam modulation
324 ...With plural dispersion
325 ...Prior to testing
326 .Utilizing a spectrometer
327 ..Having light polarizing means
328 ..Having diffraction grating means
329 ...Including servo slit adjustment means
330 ..Having optical gating meanss
331 .With monochromator structure
332 ..Having adjustable color or bandwidth
333 ...In a double monochromator
334 ...With diffraction grating means
335 FOR SIZE OF PARTICLES
336 .By particle light scattering
337 BY PARTICLE LIGHT SCATTERING
338 .With photocell detection
339 ..At right angles to the light beam (e.g., nephelometer)
340 ..At variable angle to the light beam
341 ..For light comparison means
342 ..Of back-scattered light
343 ..Using plural photocells
344 BY ELECTROPHORESIS
345 BY LIGHT INTERFERENCE (E.G., INTERFEROMETERS)
346 .Spectroscopy
347 .Holography
348 ..For optical configuration
349 .With light beams of different frequency (e.g., heterodyning)
350 ..For rotation rate (e.g., ring laser)
351 .With polarization
352 .With partially reflecting plates in series (e.g., Fabry-Perot
type)
353 .With shearing
354 .With wavefront division (e.g., by diffraction)
355 ..For dimensional measurement (e.g., thickness)
356 ...Of displacement or distance
357 .For dimensional measurement (e.g., thickness)
358 ..Of displacement or distance
359 .For optical configuration
360 ..With two light beams (e.g., Twyman-Green)
361 .For refractive indexing
362 ..With Schlieren effect
363 .For orientation and alignment
364 BY POLARIZED LIGHT EXAMINATION
365 .With birefringent element
366 .With polariscopes
367 ..Including polarimeters
368 ...With electro-optical light rotation
369 .Of surface reflection
370 .With light attenuation
371 FOR FLATNESS
121 LAMP BEAM DIRECTION OR PATTERN
122 .With lamp focusing
123 FOCAL POSITION OF LIGHT SOURCE
124 LENS OR REFLECTIVE IMAGE FORMER TESTING
124.5 .For optical transfer function
125 .Focal length measuring
126 ..Deflecting or interrupting optical path
127 .Optical center, cylinder axis, or prism measuring or
determining
128 REFRACTION TESTING (E.G., REFRACTOMETERS)
129 .Schlieren effect
130 .Differential
131 ..With servo controlled optical member
132 ...Reflective optical member
133 .Refractive rod engages specimen
134 .Prism forming fluid specimen containerr
135 .Prism engaging specimen
136 ..Internally reflecting prism
137 ..Plural prisms
138 ANGLE MEASURING OR AXIAL ALIGNMENT
139 .Plural scales or different portions of same scale
simultaneously observable
140 .Apex of angle at observing or detecting station
141 ..With light detector (e.g., photocell)
142 ..Scale and remote point simultaneously observable
143 ...Artificial reference
144 ..With plural images
145 ...Lines of sight relatively adjustable with two degrees of
freedom
146 ...Two or more lines of sight deflected
147 ..Measurement in two planes (e.g., azimuth and elevation; hour
angle and declination)
148 ..Artificial reference
149 ...Gyroscope or pendulum stabilized optical element
150 .Sides of angle or axes being aligned transverse to optical axis
(e.g., drift meter)
151 ..With light pulsing or interrupting means
152 .With light detector (e.g., photocell)
153 .Alignment of axes nominally coaxial
154 .With screen
155 ..Wheel alignment
372 BY MENSURATION
373 .Of article displacement
374 ..Including moire' fringe generation
375 .Of position
376 .Of contour or profile
377 ..With curve readers
378 .Of cavities
379 .Of area or volume
380 ..By scanning
381 .Of thickness
382 ..Of light permeable material
383 .Of length
384 .Of width or diameter
385 ..Of moving object
386 ...By scanning or light interruption
387 ..By scanning or light interruption
388 BY CONFIGURATION COMPARISON
389 .With photosensitive film or plate
390 .With two images of single article compared
391 .With projection on viewing screen
392 ..For comparison with master or desired configuration
393 ...Having master or desired configuration projection
394 .With comparison to master, desired shape or reference voltage
395 .With relatively movable optical grids
396 .With scale or optical grid displaced relative to remote
fiducial mark
397 .With object being compared and scale superimposed
398 .With object being compared and light beam moved relative to
each other (e.g., scanning)
399 BY ALIGNMENT IN LATERAL DIRECTION
400 .With light detector (e.g., photocell)
401 .With registration indicia (e.g., scale)
402 BY SHADE OR COLORR
403 .With merging colors or patterns (e.g., Maxwell disc)
404 .Photography
405 .Tristimulus examination
406 .Trichromatic examination
407 .With sample responsive to plural colors applied simultaneously
408 .With sequential comparison of sample and standard
409 .Fluid color transmission examination
410 ..Of flowing liquids
411 ...With plural light detectors (e.g., photocells)
412 ..With ionic determination
413 ..With variable light path length
414 ..With color transmitting filter
415 ...Including liquid filter comparison
416 .With color transmitting filter
417 ..Included with sample excitation
418 ..Including rotating sequential filters
419 ..Including multicolor filters
420 ..Included with colored light sources
421 .With reflective multicolor chart or standard
422 ..Plate
423 ...Disk
424 ..Drum or endless tape
425 .With color determination by light intensity comparison
426 BY INSPECTION WITH AGITATION OR ROTATION
427 .Of container contents
428 .Of containers
429 BY MONITORING OF WEBS OR THREAD
430 .For flaws or imperfections
431 ..Including transverse scanning
432 FOR LIGHT TRANSMISSION OR ABSORPTION
433 .By comparison
434 ..Photoelectric (e.g., sequential viewing)
435 ...With plural detectors (e.g., simultaneous viewing)
436 .Of fluent material
437 ..Gas
438 ...Exhaust, dust or smoke
439 ....Contained
440 ..With significant sample holder or supply
441 ..Having particles suspended in liquid
442 ...With light detector
443 .Of photographic film
444 ..With scanning, sweeping, or moving detector over film
445 OF LIGHT REFLECTION (E.G., GLASS)
446 .With diffusion
447 .With modulation (e.g., flicker beam)
448 .By comparison
213 PHOTOMETERS
214 .Pupillary
215 .Integrating
216 .Heat absorbing (e.g., radiometers)
217 .Modulating (e.g., flicker beam)
218 .Photoelectric
219 ..Simultaneous sighting and reading measurement
220 ..Multiple housings
221 ..Responsive to incident or back lighting
222 ..Plural detectors
223 ..Logarithmic
224 ..Multisensitivity rangee
225 ..With predetector light modifier (e.g., diaphragm)
226 ..Detector and indicator electrical coupling (e.g., amplifying
or attenuating)
227 ..With particular indicator
228 ...Movable scale (e.g., calibrating)
229 .Comparison
230 ..With light standard
231 ...Variable incandescent standard
232 ...Standard movable
233 .With variable light aperture size
234 .Light absorbing
235 ..Absorber continuously variable (e.g., wedge)
236 .Integrating spheres
237 INSPECTION FOR FLAWS OR IMPERFECTIONS
238 .Cloth or thread inspection
239 .Passing light through a transparent or translucent article
240 ..Containers (e.g., bottles) or contents
241 .Bore inspection (e.g., borescopes)
242 THREAD COUNTING
243 STANDARDS
244 SAMPLE, SPECIMEN, OR STANDARD HOLDER OR SUPPORT (E.G., PLATES OR
SLIDES)
245 .Cotton graders
246 .Fluid containers (e.g., cells or cuvettes)
247 FIDUCIAL INSTRUMENTS
248 .Artificial reference
249 ..Liquid surface (e.g., bubble level)
250 ..Pendular suspension of optical element or reticle
251 .Reticle lies outside viewing path
252 ..Reticle image transversely adjustable relative to optical
axis
253 .Deflection of line of sight
254 ..Two or more deflections
255 ..By reflection
256 MISCELLANEOUS