What follows are the subclasses from one class of the Manual of Classification for US patents. As you scroll through the list and encounter a class/subclass of interest, you can jump back to the top and retrieve patent titles by entering the class/subclass in the box below.
Enter a class/subclass code here to get a list of patent titles. Use
any of the following forms:
363-131 121-55A 14-.5
that is, no embedded spaces, class and subclass seperated by a dash, and any
subclass letters capitalized. Currently Design Patent titles (those in the
classes of the form Dxx.yy) are not retreivable.
Class Number: 455
Class Title: TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Subclass Subclass
Number Title
1 INTERFERENCE SIGNAL TRANSMISSION (E.G., JAMMING)
2 AUDIENCE SURVEY AND USE ACCOUNTING
3.1 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (E.G., PLURAL CABLES, ETC.)
3.2 .Receiver for satellite broadcast
3.3 .Combined with power distribution network
4.1 .Remote control of distribution
4.2 ..With subscriber selection or switching
5.1 .Two-way
6.1 .Common antenna or cable
6.2 ..With specific cable converter
6.3 .Combined with diverse type art device (e.g., audio/sound
or entertainment systems, etc.)
7 CARRIER WAVE REPEATER OR RELAY SYSTEM (I.E., RETRANSMISSION OF
SAME INFORMATION)
8 .Failure compensation (e.g., spare channel)
9 .Monitoring
10 ..Fading compensation
11.1 .Portable or mobile repeater
12.1 ..Space satellite
13.1 ...With plural repeater or relay systems
13.2 ...With synchronizing of satellites or system
13.3 ...With antenna feed network or multiple antenna switching
13.4 ...Power control
14 .With transmission line
15 .Two separate way transmission
16 ..Simultaneous using plural repeaters at each location
17 .Plural modulated carriers
18 .With delay or recording
19 .Common antenna
20 .With frequency conversion
21 ..With demodulator
22 ..Plural conversion stages
23 .Frequency or phase modulation
24 .Transmitter/receiver feedback compensation
25 .Directive antenna
26.1 USE OR ACCESS BLOCKING (E.G., LOCKING SWITCH)
31.1 SYSTEM WITH RECEIVER SELECTION
32.1 .Receiver scans for address signal
33.1 .Zoned or cellular
33.2 ..Hand-off control
33.3 ...Using plural antennas
33.4 ..With overlapping zones
34.1 .Exclusive assigned channel
34.2 .Seized channel
35.1 .Tone coded squelch
36.1 ..Plural tones
37.1 ...Difference frequency
38.1 .Coded sequence
38.2 ..With actuation (e.g., turn on/off or alarm indication,
etc.)
38.3 ...Power control or battery saving
38.4 ...Visual indicationn
38.5 ...Tone sequence
39 TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER AT SEPARATE STATIONS
40 .Earth or water medium
41 .Near field (e.g., inductive or capacitive coupling)
42 .Frequency or phase modulation
43 ..With modification of frequencies of analog signal passed
(e.g., pre-emphasis and de-emphasis)
44 ..With stated modulation index
45 ..Via subcarrier
46 .Suppressed carrier wave system
47 .Single or vestigial sideband system
48 .Inverted sideband
49.1 .Plural transmitters or receivers (i.e., more than two
stations)
50.1 ..Noise, distortion, or singing reduction
51.1 ...Synchronized stations
51.2 ....Simulcast system
52.1 ...Fading compensation
52.2 ....Due to weather attenuation
52.3 ....Rayleigh or multipath fading
53.1 ..With central station (e.g., master, etc.)
54.1 ...To or from mobile station
54.2 ....With service request and response
55.1 ....Using radiating transmission line
56.1 ....Multiple base stations
57.1 ...Plural receivers tuned to common frequency
58.1 ..Break-in or priority override
58.2 ..Lockout or busy-idle signalling
59 .Single message via plural carrier wave transmission
60 ..Different phases of same frequency carrier
61 .Single message via plural modulation of single carrier
62 .Optimum frequency selection
63 .Distortion, noise, or other interference prevention, reduction,
or compensation
64 ..Plasma source or barrier
65 ..Anti-multipath
66 .With diverse art device
67.1 .With measuring, testing, or monitoring of system or part
67.2 ..Using a chamber (e.g., room testing or audio
surveillance, etc.)
67.3 ..Noise, distortion or unwanted signal detection (e.g.,
quality control, etc.)
67.4 ..Using a test signal
67.5 ..Of a microwave link or system
67.6 ..Phase measuring (e.g., group delay, propagation effects,
etc.)
67.7 ..With indication (e.g., visual or voice signalling, etc.)
68 .With control signal
69 ..Transmitter controlled by signal feedback from receiver
70 ..Receiver control signal originates at message transmitter
71 ...Frequency control
72 ...For compression and expansion of message signal (i.e.,
companding)
73 TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER AT SAME STATION (E.G., TRANSCEIVER)
74 .Convertible (e.g., to diverse art device)
75 .With frequency stabilization (e.g., automatic frequency
control)
76 ..Synthesizerr
77 .With tuning
78 .With transmitter-receiver switching or interaction prevention
79 ..Automatic (e.g., voice operated)
80 ...With distributed parameter coupling
81 ....Waveguide
82 ...Common antenna
83 ..Single antenna switched between transmitter and receiver
84 .With a common signal processing stage
85 ..Transmitter oscillator used as detector
86 ..Transmitter oscillator used as local oscillator
87 ...Tunable or variable
88 .Transceiver controlling a separate transceiver or receiver
89 .Portable or mobile
90 .Housing or support
91 TRANSMITTER
92 .Remote control of a transmitter
93 .Convertible to different type (e.g., AM to FM)
94 .Alternator
95 .Mobile or portable
96 ..Transmitter ejected from moving vehicle
97 ..With antenna ejection or external support
98 ..With aircraft, satellite, or projectile
99 ..With vehicle
100 ..Body attached or connected
101 .Diversity
102 .Plural modulation
103 .Plural separate transmitters or channels
104 ..Carrier and sidebands separately transmitted
105 ..Common frequency
106 .Modulation by absorption, shielding, or reflecting
107 .With variation of antenna impedance or dimension for
modulation
108 .Amplitude modulation
109 ..Vestigial or single sideband or suppressed carrier
110 .Angle modulation
111 ..Including distributed parameter structure
112 ..With frequency multiplication or division
113 ..With frequency control
114 .With harmonic radiation suppression
115 .Measuring, testing, or monitoring of transmitter
116 .Carrier amplitude control (e.g., voice operated on/off)
117 .With electrical protection of transmitter circuit or operator
118 .Frequency conversion
119 .Carrier frequency stabilization
120 .Including tuning
121 ..In antenna circuit
122 ...With saturable reactor
123 ...Automatically controlled
124 ..Distributed parameter device
125 ..Automatic adjustment of tuning
126 .With feedback of modulated output signal
127 .Power or bias voltage supply
128 .With casing or housing
129 .With coupled antenna
130 RECEIVER OR ANALOG MODULATED SIGNAL FREQUENCY CONVERTER
131 .Frequency conversion between signal source (e.g., wave
collector) and receiver
132 .Plural receiverss
133 ..With output selecting
134 ...By signal strength
135 ...By signal quality (e.g., signal to noise ratio)
136 ...With control (e.g., automatic gain control, automatic
frequency control, etc.)
137 ..With output combining
138 ...With control (e.g., automatic gain control)
139 ....Frequency or phase control
140 ..Selectively actuated or controlled
141 ..Including common stage (e.g., local oscillator)
142 .Convertible to different type (e.g., AM to FM)
143 ..With distinct signal path for each type
144 ..With dual purpose amplifying or other stage
145 .Panoramic display
146 ..Plural separate paths or plural oscillators
147 ..Particular local oscillator control
148 ..With oscilloscope sweep signal derivation or control
149 .Plural output (e.g., plural speakers ) (not stereo)
150.1 .Signal selection based on frequency (e.g., tuning)
151.1 ..Remote control of channel or station selection
151.2 ...Wireless link (sonic, RF or infrared)
151.3 ...Remote oscillator tuned
151.4 ...Plural electronic devices controlled
152.1 ...Of or combined with vehicle receiver
153.1 ...Mechanical
153.2 ....With wired link
154.1 ..With indication of frequency, channel, or selector
condition (e.g., tuning aid)
154.2 ...Scanning display
155.1 ...By meter
156.1 ...Audible indicator
157.1 ...Analog frequency indication (e.g., dial)
157.2 ....With light indication or bar type
158.1 ...Channel index indication
158.2 ....With electronic digital indication
158.3 .....Using a counter
158.4 ....With multiple display functions
158.5 ....Non-numeric display (e.g., call letters)
159.1 ...Variable light indication
159.2 ....Plural lamps
160.1 ..Plural tuning modes (e.g., manual and scanning, etc.)
161.1 ..Frequency scanning
161.2 ...With processor control
161.3 ...Using signal strength or quality
162.1 ...Motor activated
163.1 ....Reversible motor (e.g., end-stop control)
164.1 ...With automatic frequency control
164.2 ....Processor controlled (AFC)
165.1 ...With frequency synthesizer
166.1 ...With channel skipping selection
166.2 ....With priority channel selection
167.1 ...With dual sweeping
168.1 ...Multiband
169.1 ...With particular variable voltage or current tuning
169.2 ....With varactor diode
170.1 ..With mechanical or electromechanical selection
171.1 ...Time actuated
172.1 ....Including a motorr
173.1 ...With automatic frequency control of fine tuning
174.1 ...With muting (e.g., silent tuning)
175.1 ...With carrier wave preset
176.1 ...Combined with band selection
177.1 ...Combined with other control (e.g., bandwidth, volume,
gain, etc.)
178.1 ...With plurality of tunable circuits
179.1 ..Channel or station selection
180.1 ...Combined with band selection
180.2 ....UHF and VHF
180.3 .....With phase locked loop (PLL) tuning
180.4 .....Varactor tuned (e.g., varactor diode)
181.1 ...Time controlled
182.1 ...With frequency control
182.2 ....Automatic (AFC)
182.3 ...Fine tuning
183.1 ...With frequency synthesizer
183.2 ....Processor controlled
184.1 ...With comparing desired and existing tuning conditions
185.1 ...With channel information storage
186.1 ....With memory control or programming
186.2 .....Having a keyboard
187.1 ...Separate tuned circuits for each channel or station
188.1 ..Band selection
188.2 ...UHF and VHF
189.1 ...With plural separate mixer or converter circuits
190.1 ...With frequency conversion
191.1 ...With plurality of tuned circuits
191.2 ....Varactor tuned
191.3 ....With switching between stages
192.1 ..With frequency control
192.2 ...Automatic (AFC)
192.3 ...Fine tuning
193.1 ..With antenna circuit tuning
193.2 ...With plural resonant circuits
193.3 ...Including varactor diode
194.1 ..With muting (e.g., silent tuning)
194.2 ...Amplifier controlled
195.1 ..Variable voltage or current tuning
196.1 ..Including variation of local oscillator frequency
197.1 ...By simultaneous control with signal selection
197.2 ....Variable capacitor tuned
197.3 .....Including additional tuning circuit
198.1 ....Including distributed parameter control device
199.1 ....Discrete frequency types (e.g., channel switching)
200.1 ..With other control (e.g., volume, gain, bandwidth, etc.)
201 .Exalted carrier
202 .Suppressed carrier
203 .Carrier and single sideband
204 .Vestigial sideband
205 .Frequency or phase modulation
206 ..Responsive to one of overlapping signals
207 ..With plural conversion
208 ..With synchronized or controlled local oscillator
209 ...Plural local oscillators or mixers
210 ..With carrier amplitude modulation elimination (e.g., specified
limiter)
211 ...Combined with other functionn
212 ..With squelch or other audio output silencing
213 ...Using specified filter
214 ..With particular discriminator or detector
215 ...Superregenerative
216 ..With particular frequency division or multiplication
217 .With protection circuit for receiver circuit
218 .Squelch
219 ..With automatic gain or volume control
220 ..Adjustable
221 ..Audio responsive
222 ..Noise controlled
223 ...Short duration (noise blankers)
224 ....Separate broadband detector channel
225 ..Plural paths
226.1 .Measuring or testing of receiver
226.2 ..Signal strength
226.3 ..Signal-to-noise ratio
226.4 ..With meter or indicator
227 .Responsive to an input signal of particular predetermined
frequency
228 ..Responsive to specified modulation (e.g., call alarm,
Conelrad)
229 ..Responsive to carrier absence or presence
230 .Local control of receiver operation
231 ..Applied at or for specific intervals or periods of time
232.1 ..Gain control
233.1 ...With diverse control (tone, etc.)
234.1 ...Automatic
234.2 ....Processor controlled
235.1 ....Forward acting
236.1 ....Variable conversion efficiency (variable oscillator
amplitude, etc.)
237.1 ....Responsive to locally injected pilot
238.1 ....Responsive to vehicle speed
239.1 ....Nonlinear automatic gain control
240.1 .....Variable automatic gain control loop gain
241.1 .....Different gain stages
242.1 .....Delayed
242.2 ......Different delay for different signal stages or
thresholds
243.1 ......Radio frequency stage only delayed
244.1 .....Dual time constant
245.1 ....Automatic gain control signal derived from information
signal
245.2 .....Plural stages controlled
246.1 ....Responsive to plural inputs
247.1 .....Separate automatic gain control signals
248.1 ....Constant or controlled input impedance
249.1 ....Variable attenuator type
250.1 ....Automatic gain control to improve strong signal
handling
251.1 ....Plural stages with different levels or bias to each
stage (e.g., partial automatic gain control)
252.1 ....Semicondutor
253.1 ....Plural stages controlled with plates, screen grids, or
cathodes connected in parallel
253.2 ....Plural amplifier stages
254 ..Sensitivity controll
255 ..Local oscillator frequency control
256 ...Combined with other control
257 ...Automatic
258 ....Utilizing particular local oscillator control
259 .....Reference oscillator or source
260 ......Phase lock loop or frequency synthesizer
261 .....Variable reactance (e.g., reactance tube)
262 ......Voltage controlled capacitor
263 .....Discriminator or detector
264 .....Voltage control of oscillator
265 ....With local oscillator synchronization or locking
266 ..Selectivity or bandwidth control
267 ..Tone control
268 ..Fidelity control
269 .With wave collector (e.g., antenna)
270 ..Power-line or receiver element used as wave collector
271 ..Suppression of radiation from receiver via wave collector
272 ..Plural separate collectors
273 ...With paticular output combining
274 ....Loop or coil antenna
275 ...With frequency changing or selecting in the output path of
one or more collectors
276.1 ...With phase shifting, correcting, or regulating in the
output path of one or more collectors
277.1 ...Selectively or alternately connected to receiver
277.2 ....By signal quality (e.g., noise)
278.1 ...Combined with noise or interference elimination
279.1 ....Plural antenna currents entering single transformer
280 ..With coupling to a stage of the receiver
281 ...Having distributed parameters
282 ....Transmission line
283 ...Undesired signal or noise control (e.g., antistatic)
284 ....Balancing or cancelling
285 ....With image frequency suppression
286 ....Wave filter, coil, or wave trap
287 ....Shunt or bypass
288 ....Particular composition (e.g., of cell or element)
289 ...With coupling varying, regulating, or control
290 ...Including passive tuned circuit
291 ...Using active device (e.g., as preamplifier or reactance)
292 ...Transformer or other passive inductance
293 ...Specified stage (e.g., mixer, amplifier, or demodulator)
294 ....With particular electron tube structure
295 .Modulation distortion or cross talk correction or elimination
296 .Noise or interference elimination
297 ..In vehicle
298 ..Originating in power supply
299 ...Filter or rectification in power supply energized by
fluctuating or a.c. source
300 ..By shielding
301 ...Plural or compartmented shielding structure
302 ..Image frequency suppression
303 ..Using plural separate signal paths
304 ...Phase shift in at least one path
305 ...With balancing or neutralizing
306 ....Filter in at least one path
307 ..With specific filter structure
308 ..With amplitude limiterr
309 ...In demodulator or low frequency (audio amplifier circuit)
310 ..Internally generated noise or oscillations
311 ..In radio frequency amplifier, intermediate frequency amplifier
or converter circuit
312 ..In demodulator or low frequency (e.g., audio frequency)
313 .Frequency modifying or conversion
314 ..Plural separate successive conversions
315 ...With plural separate local oscillators
316 ....With frequency stabilization for at least one local
oscillator
317 ..Unwanted oscillation or radiation prevention
318 ..With specified local oscillator structure or coupling
319 ...With particular coupling
320 ....Lumped impedance
321 ...In a single envelope or with common active element (e.g.,
autodyne)
322 ....Plural common electrode
323 ..Particular frequency conversion structure or circuitry
324 ...Homodyne (i.e., zero beat or synchrodyne reception)
325 ...Including distributed electrical parameter structure
326 ....With balanced mixer
327 .....Stripline
328 .....Hollow waveguide
329 ....Electron beam tube
330 ....With nonlinear impedance (e.g., diode)
331 ...Crystal or electron tube diode
332 ...Push-pull
333 ...Transistor or integrated circuit
334 .With particular receiver circuit
335 ..Plural diverse function tube or stage (performs plural
functions alternately or concurrently)
336 ..Superregenerative detector or discriminator
337 ..Discriminator or demodulator
338 ..Coupling or decoupling between stages
339 ...Band pass filter
340 ...Variably tunable or adjustable
341 ..Amplifier
342 ...Reflex type
343 ..With particular power or bias supply (includes battery saving
means and includes self-powered)
344 .Combined with diverse art device
345 ..With vehicle
346 ...Detachable for portability
347 .Cabinet, housing, or chassis structure
348 ..With retractable or readily detachable chassis
349 ..Sectional or interconnectable (e.g., modules)
350 ..With particular speaker mounting
351 ..Transportable
352 .Remote control of receiver
353 ..Plural conditions from remote station
354 ...Mechanical
355 ..Amplitude, volume, or gain control
899 MISCELLANEOUS