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SRI:

SrI NaarAyaNa Yatheendhra MahA DesikAya Nama:


Dear BhakthAs :

With prayers to MalOlan, the AarAdhana Moorthy of Sri Ahobila Matam 
Jeeyars and daNdavath PraNAmams to asmath AchAryan , Prakrutham Srimath
Azhagiya Singar on His 79th Thiunakshatram , adiyEn starts this series of 
essays 
on Sri Achyutha Sathakam of Swamy Desikan . 

May all the Kaimkaryams commenced in this SathAbhishEkam year of 
asmath AchAryan grow further and further !

May the Natha-Sathyan revered as Achyuthan at Thiruvaheendhrapuram 
recieve this humble SamarpaNam at His Sacred feet pressed by His divine
consort , Sri Taranga Mukha Nandini ThAyAr ( HemAbhjavalli ThAyAr) !

May Swamy Desikan , who took on the form of Sri VenkatanAyaki 
and sang this  Achyutha Sathakam in lilting Praakrutham bless this 
kaimkaryam to write about the VedAnthic Sthuthi !

Swamy Desikan attained the NaayikA bhAvam as Swamy NammAzhwAr
enjoyed the Lord at Sri Tholaivilimangalam as ParAnkusa Naayaki 
and Thirumangai fell in love with the Lord of ThiruvAli as ParakAla
Naayaki . Swamy Desikan became Venkata Naayaki at Thiruvayindhai.
Out flowed the 9 prabhandhams and Sthuthis of Swamy Desikan
in this exquisite mood of anubhavam at Thiruvaheendhrapuram .

Swamy Desikan saluted the Lord of Thiruvayindhai and revealed
that the Lord was sititng at this dhivya dEsam expressly to bless us:

" Ayindhai Maa naharil amarnthanai YemakkAy "

" YeeNdiya vinaikaL MaaNDida muyanRu
    Tannadi sErnthamar Unai aNuha 
    Ninnudan sErnthu niRkum Ninn THIRUVE "

    ---MummaNikkOvai : First Paasuram 

(meaning): For the destruction of the karmAs of  SamsAris , You are 
standing in unison with Your auspicious Devi at Thiruvayindhai
to bless those SamsAris who have made the effort to to reach 
Your sacred feeet . 

Lord DevanAthan  has been saluted by Desikan for His anugraham  as:

" Vevvinai theer Marunthu" ( The medicine for the firece disease of SamsAram).

" Ninn Vadivazhahu mRavAthAr piRavAthArE " ( Those who have not forgotten
Your dhivya soundharaym will never be born again ) .

"Thvath bhakthi bhUshitha dhiyAm ihamEva Deva-bhAvam" ( Those who
have bhakthi for You will become Nithyasooris on this Earth itself).

" iruLum maruLum tarum annAL yezhil-Aar-Aazhi SankEnthy aruLum teruLum 
   tara yennpAl adiyOr meyya vantharuLE " ( Here Swamy Desikan prays
   for anthima Smruthi --thought of the Lord of Ayindhai --of Lord DEvanAthan
   during His last moments on Earth .

In Achyutha Sathakam , Swamy Desikan sought ParipoorNa BrahmAnubhavam
through his extraordinary BhavanA Prakarsham ( pull of love for the Lord ) 
and transformed himself into a beautiful damsel with charming eye brows like 
a bow ( ViRR purvakkodiyAhi) and with the name of VenkatanAyaki . Out of Her   
matchless love for Her Lord at Thiruvayindhai , She attained NaayikA bhAvam 
and chose the language of Praakrutham appropriate for the expression of 
that love for Her Lord and eulogized Him in 100 slOkams of Achyutha Sathakam .
At the end of this Achyutha Sathakam , She begged for the protection of Her 
Lord :

" bhavishyath youvana vadhUm Vara iva Maam labhasva "

She asked : My Lord ! Please accept me as a bridegroom accepts a bride,
who has reached the ripe stage of youth  .

" mangai paruvam nerungum kanniyai tann vaazhkkaikku yERRa 
thuNayAhak-karuthi avaLai maNam purinthu koLvathu pOl adiyEnai 
yERRukkoNDu aatkkoLLa vENDum "  (You must recieve me , who has
blossomed into Kannikai stage , as a bridegroom welcomes a bride
as his life's companion and marries her ) .

Professor SrinivAsa Raghavan's introduction to Achyutha Sathakam(1988)
***********************************************************************************************
" Sri Vedantha Desika, the great poet-philosopher was so much charmed by 
the fascinating beauty of Lord DevanAtha that his respectful devotion blossomed 
as passionate love  of a love-lorn lady . Sri Desika , who was VenkatanAtha 
became VenkatanAyaki . Even as NammALwAr became ParAnkusa Naayaki 
and Tirumangai Azhwar by virtue of their intense Bhagavath-Kaama and 
songs describing the joy of union with BhagavAn and the pangs of seperation 
from Him flowed from them , here also songs flow form VenkatanAyaki. The songs 
are in  three languages-- Sanskrit , PrAkrit and Tamil ". Sanaskrit is the 
language 
of DevanAyaka PanchAsath , which is in fifty one slOkAs . Achyutha Sathakam 
containing 101 slOkams is in Praakrith. That is the only work of Sri Desika ,
which is entirely in Praakrith -- a language , which is used by woman 
characters in Sanskrit drama . Sri Desika here speaks in Praakrith as a lady in 
love with DevanAthan .

All the other 7 poems of VenkatanAyaki are in sweet Tamil. MummaNikkOvai
and Nava MaNi Maalai describe the state of the heroine in seperation from
her lover and her great longing for union .

The  Five poems , with the titles of Pandu , Kazhal , AmmAnai , Oosal and 
Yeesal ,
come under the class of love poems in Tamil literature and they describe the 
various
waves in which a Princess in love entertains herself in the absence of her 
lover .

The poem called " Pandhu " delineates the princess as playing with ball with
her handmaids in the gardens of the harem . 

"Kazhal " portrays the play of the heroine in the halls of the palace with 
small 
marble-like nuts of a skrub of that name .

A poem that describes the play of the princesss with small ball-like wodden toys
goes by the name of "AmmAnai".

In the "Oosal" , we see the heroine playfully seated on an oscillating swing 
suspended from the garden branches of a flowery tree in the garden .

The sonfg "Yeesal " depicts a lady-in-love , in anger taunting the lover 
with insincerity since he has not kept his word to come at the fixed time 
even though he tries to pacify her with words and acts of apology . These five
works of Swamy Desikan sung with reference to Lord DevanAtha as the lover and 
VenkatanAyaki as the beloved should  be very interesting and valuable; 
but unfortunately , they are lost . We come to know of them only from 
the mention of their names in NavamaNi Maalai.

And now to Achyutha Sathaka --- It is a sthothrA in Praakrith in 101 verses
on DevanAtha , who is referred to as Achyutha. It is not a mere eulogy , 
but gives in a nutshell all the fundamental doctrines of VishitAdhvaitha 
philosophy  dealt with by the poet Sri Desika in his two rahasya classics in 
MaNipravALa (Tamil and Sanskrit mixed style) , namely Paramatha bhangam
and Rahasya Thraya Saaram --briefly in the former and elaborately in the latter.
We see Desika at his best in theis sthOthra , Achyutha Sathaka , wherein we 
come  across all the ideas of , and technical terms in , our philosophy 
beautifully dovetailed in the slOkAs. 

The sthOthram begins with a benedictory verse in which the poet requests all to 
go 
and bow before DevanAtha (probably as messengers to speak about him ) --
Devanatha , who is enshrined in the temple in the holy city of 
Thiruaheendhrapuram 
situated by the side of the hill of Oushadha Giri by name on the banks of the 
river
Garuda .DevanAtha is often referred to by the names of "Dassa Sathya and 
Kinkara Sathya " , which are   Sanskrit foms for the name of "Adiyavarkku 
Meyyan " 
given by Thirumangai AzhwAr in his hymn to the Lord of Thiruayindhai ." 

We will study the first slOkam of Achyutha Sathakam next .

Srimath Azhagiya Singar ThiruvadigaLE SaraNam ,
'Daasan , Oppiliappan Koil VaradAchAri Sadagopan 


       
 . 



   



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