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16. Upanayanam ( Contd. ) 
 
16.2.1 After 16 years , Upanayanam is not to be done even with any kind of prAyascchittam . If it is between 8 and 16 , PrAyascchittham ( Mukhya Kaala akaraNEna yO dhOshah ----) has to be done to nullify the dhOsham .
 
16.2.2 : If one does not get Upanayanam performed before the age of 16, he loses his BrAhmaNyam . He will not be eligible for adhyayanam ( learning the VedAs) or for Vaidhika KarmAs and becomes unfit for recieving dhAnam .
 
16.3: Who is eligible for spinning the sacred thread?
 
Sumangali , Kannikai or the widow . They should use cotton for spinning the thread . 
 
16.4: Method for making the YajnOpaveetham 
 
16.4.1: Sitting in a clean place , holding the four fingers of the right hand together, one winds a three strand set of threads 96 times around the circumference of those  four stretched out fingers . This is known as
shaNNavathi .
 
16.4.2: Sprinkle the shaNNavathi with water for suddhi and twist the three strands  ( muRukkuthal) to gain tension and then let it relax. A saram with 9 dhanthus will result .
 
16.4.3: Fold that into three circles and tie it in the right hand manner into a knot ( Valampuri muducchu).
 
16.4.4 : Thus made sacred thread should extend down to the belly button. If it is shorter , the reduced life will result .If it descends below the navel , the Vaidhika karmas will lose their power .
 
16.5.1: A married man ( Gruhasthan) should wear a third vasthram besides the 2 vastrams ( Upper and lower : Iduppu Veshti , PatthARu or 9X5 , mEl Veshti/Utthareeyam) .In place of the third vasthram , gruhasthan can wear a third PooNal. Without the third vasthram or the third PooNal , he will skip down to the place of the fourth varNam and in the next birth be born as a svAnam ( dog).
 
16.5.2: If one cuts ones' sacred thread due to anger , one should perform 3 krichrams ( to be explained later) and wear a new sacred thread right away .
 
16.5.3 : If the sacred thread gets tangled with
body hair , the hair should be removed , GAyathri should be recited 10 times and the sacred thread should be cleansed with water for suddhi .
 
16.5.4: When tying the knot ( Brahma Muducchu) for the sacred thread , one should say : My namaskArams to Hari ,Haran and Brahmaa .
 
16.5.5: The unit of one thread circled around the four fingers should be approximately 4 inches in length .
 
16.6 : Mantram for wearing Yajn~Opaveetham
 
16.6.1:Yajn~Opaveetham Paramam pavithram
             PrajApathE: yath sahajam purasthath
             Aayushyam agriyam prathimuncha
             Subram Yajn~Opaveetham     Balamasthu tEja:
 
16.6.2: Mantram for casting aside worn down sacred thread
 
             upaveetham bhinnatanthum jeerNam kaSmala-dhUshitham 
             visrujAmi jalE Brahma-varcha: dheergAyurasthu mE
 
16.7: DhaNDam ( Staff) for BrahmachAris
 
Bilvam , Purasu , Udhumbharam , asvattham (araSu) staffupto the height of the head should be used .
 
16.8: ajinam
 
BrshmachAris should tie the deer ( KrishNa Mrugam) or cow's skin in their sacred thread .
 
16.9: Mounji ( belt)
 
BrahmachAris should tie a belt  made of Mounchi grass or dharbham . There should be three rounds of that belt  going around that waist . This belt should not be used for
tying loin cloth or the lower garment .
 
16.10: Upanayana Kaala Niyamam
 
Before upanayana muhoortham , BrahmachAri
should wear silk and during Upanayanam , new
cotton ( white )vastram and white loin cloth.  
Colored garments are forbidden for use by  BrahmachAris. On the fourth day after upanayanam , the BrahmachAri has to cast the dress worn earlier and the  loin cloth and wear a new loin cloth . He should never be without loin cloth ( koupeenam).
 
16.11: Gruhasthan has also kaDee Soothram ( araNAkkayiru or arai Jn~ANN kayiru) to tie around the waist . Vaidhika karmAs done without it is useless (nishprayOjanam . Without the waist rope ( KayiRu) , he is considered nagnan( nirvANam state ) .
 
16.12: Recieving alms ( Bikshai) during Upanayanam
 
One should Bikshai in the followign order: Mother , married sister, sisters of the Mother , Brothers of the Father and  anna-paana Bandhus. One should not ask Bikshai from
widows and pregnant woman .
 
16.13: Anna BikshAcharaNa niyamam
 
Those giving Bikshai should not shout at or display anger at the BrahmachAri. Latter should not ask for more than what is needed. If some thing is left over , it should be buried
in ground or dissolved in water . He should not seek bikshai from Guru , his daayAthis , one's own daayAthis and Bandhus like ammAn . The bikshai giver should give pickles , kootu ,
cooked vegetables from seperate vessels . They should not use to transfer them directly with one's hand .
 
16.14: Brahma Yaj~nam
 
From upanayanam day and onward Brahma Yajn~am has to be done regularly like SandhyA vandhanam .
 
16.15: SamidhA dhAnam
 
BrahmachAri should perform samidhA dhAnam during both the sandhyAs .
 
16.16.1: KaalAdheetha PrAyschittham
 
Every karma should be done during the prescribed times. If one exceeds the time prescribed , Prayschittham should be performed , Karma is done and then move on to the next karmaa.
 
16.16.2: During chowLam , 50 Brahmins should be fed ,100 during Upanayanam , as many  according to ability  during VivAham , 100 during aadhAnam , 10 to 12 during
ruthu saanthi and 2 after garbhA dhAnam .
 
17. If the wife is rajaswalai ( Bahishtai/Maatha Vilakku) , Naandhi should not be performed .
 
18: Prohibited times for performing ChowLam et al:
 
When mother has the monthly periods ( Bahishtai) or pregnant beyond 5 months , ChowLam , Upanayanam and VivAham functions should not be performed .
 
19. Who is adhikAri to perform Upanayanam ?
 
The Father, grandfather , brother, Jn~Athis ,
sama Pravara sagOthrAs ( having the same gOthram and PrAvaram) are eligible . Sva SooktrakArs ( say Apasthambha Sutra folowers ) and near male realtives can perform BrahmOpadEsam .The one who has lost his wife is not eligible.
 
20. YamaLOthbavaa: ( Twins) and their karmAs:
 
For a twin from the  same Mother , the same AchAryan ( Bruhaspathy) should perform the Vaidhika KarmAs from JaathakarmA to Upanayanam at the same lagnam
in the same vEdhi ( fire pit) . Whether they are two boys or a boy and girl , until upanayanam , the above requirements for Vaidhika KarmAs  have to be observed .
 
P.S : Please contact Sriman DeevaLUr N.SrinivAsAcchAr for Vaideekam related questions tied to the above content .
 
NamO Veda PurushAya ,
Oppiliappan Koil V.Sadagopan    
 
     
 
 
 
 
      
 
       
 

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