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NEW COMPOSITE SURFACTANTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN TEXTILE DYEING AND FINISHING TECHNOLOGIES |
Leader of the group: Koksharov
Sergei A. |
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Staff: Chistyakova
Galina V. |
The attention is focused principally on three problems, connected with the development of new surfactants:
1. Composite intensifying agents for dyeing and crease-resist finishing of cotton fabrics
The idea of creating composite intensifying agents results from investigations which revealed a sizeable dependence of sorption and fixation of dyes and resin precondensates upon the thermal stability of the melts of urea and its derivatives. A wide range of substances were tested; further work concentrated on those which, being added into the melts in small amounts, increased the thermal stability of the melts and improved the qualitative and quantitative indices of dyeing and crease-resistant finishing of cotton fabrics.
New composite intensifiers are selective towards different classes of dyes and finishing agents.
2. Composite stabilizers for sulphoxylate reducing agents
The following scientific data formed the ground for the creation of new composite
stabilizers for sulphoxylate reducing agents:
the discovery of the mechanisms of destruction of vat dyes under the influence of the
products of oxidation of sulphoxylate reducing agents;
kinetics of the oxidation of sulphoxylate reducing agents, complicated by gas
chemosorption; the correlations between various technological factors and dyeing bath
composition on the tne hand, and the character of the limiting stage of oxidation process
on the other.
As a result, new composite preparations have been developed which contain well-known compounds, some currently used in textile technologies, others used in other technical branches. These preparations provide considerable stabilizing effect compared to sulphoxylate reducing agents and thus, ensure a significant saving of reducing agents and vat dyes.
The devices are proposed for reiterative renewal of the ability of the compositions to inhibit oxidation of reducing agents during their application.
3. Preparations for imparting bio-barrier properties to textile materials
A search is being undertaken for substances that can simultaneously interact with cellulosic materials and with repellent molecules. This interaction must provide prolonged action of biological protective agents.
Publications
1. Melnikov B.N., Moryganov A.P., Koksharov S.A., Konkov A.I.,
Improvement of printed and dyed fabrics quality by the application of high temperature
treatments. Review (Moscow: TsNIITEILegprom) 1987, No 2, 50pp.
2. Melnikov B.N., Moryganov A.P., Koksharov S.A. The role of intensifying agents melts in
the process of high-temperature fixation of dyes. Kolorisztikai ertersito, Vol. 24, No
5-6, (1984), P. 175-184.
3. Ivanov V.V., Koksharov S.A., Melnikov B.N. Oxidation of sodium dithionite in aqueous
alkaline solutions. Kinetika i katalis (Kinetics and catalysis), Vol.32, No 3, (1991), P.
756-759.
4. Ivanov V.V., Koksharov S.A., Melnikov B.N. The effective method for stabilizing sodium
dithionite reducing solutions. Zhurnal prikladnoi khimii (J. Applied Chemistry), Vol.64,
No 4, (1991), P. 743-747.
5. Ivanov V.V., Koksharov S.A., Ablotiya T.G. The influence of interphase mass transfer
conditions upon the kinetics and the results of multi-staged Rhongalite synthesis. Zhurnal
prikladnoi khimii (J. Applied Chemistry), Vol. 68, No 5 (1995), P. 741-745.
6. Ivanov V.V., Koksharov S.A. The role of interphase mass transfer in the process of
sodium dithionite oxidation in aqueous alkaline solutions. Teoreticheskije osnovy
khimicheskoi tekhnologii (Theoretical Grounds for Chemical Technology), No 11-12, (1996),
P.500-502.