[B-Greek] KAQWS & ORATIO OBLIQUA Acts 15:4

webb at selftest.net webb at selftest.net
Fri Aug 11 14:08:59 EDT 2006


If hWS can indicate manner, and be translated as "how" (BAGD def. 1a), then
perhaps here KAQWS can be treated as though the KAQ' part is an
intensifier, thus:

"Simeon has narrated just how God first..."

Webb Mealy

Original Message:
-----------------
From: Elizabeth Kline kline_dekooning at earthlink.net
Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2006 10:10:27 -0700
To: b-greek at lists.ibiblio.org
Subject: Re: [B-Greek] KAQWS & ORATIO OBLIQUA Acts 15:4


Having given careful consideration to what Iver Larsen and Carl  
Conrad have said I am back to my original question about the  
analytical process that leads one to conclude that KAQWS in ACTS  
15:14 is NOT semantically empty.

> ACTS 15:14 SUMEWN EXHGHSATO KAQWS PRWTON hO QEOS EPESKEYATO LABEIN EX
> EQNWN LAON TWi ONOMATI AUTOU.  15 KAI TOUTWi SUMFWNOUSIN hOI LOGOI
> TWN PROFHTWN KAQWS GEGRAPTAI:

Whereas there are instances of hWS and hOTI introducing indirect  
speech apparently without contributing any semantic content of their  
own, KAQWS appears to have some semantic content whenever it is used.  
This statement is based on a review of all the domains for KAQWS in  
Louw and Nida. Note that I am assuming Louw and Nida have correctly  
analyzed the distribution of KAQWS which is really what I was trying  
to determine in the first place so my logic here is somewhat circular.

Furthermore KAQWS introducing the complement of EXHGHSATO might be  
expected to fill the semantic function most appropriate with that  
verb and the content of the speech. In this case MANNER is the  
semantic role that fits best.

Having said this, it is not inconceivable that EXHGHSATO might be  
joined to a complement in ACTS 15:14 by a semantically empty  
particle, but I will grant that KAQWS is probably not semantically  
empty.



Elizabeth Kline

On Aug 11, 2006, at 2:02 AM, Iver Larsen wrote:

> A particle (like hOTI) that introduces indirect discourse is  
> semantically empty. It simply points out the content of
> what was said. But it is possible to be more specific and focus on  
> either time or manner.
> Examples:
> 1. He told me that his uncle had come.
> 2. He told me when his uncle had come
> 3. He told me how his uncle had come.
>
> For number 3, Greek would normally use PWS or hOPWS or hWS, but  
> occasionally also KAQWS. Acts 15:14 and John 3 are the
> only examples from the NT of KAQWS in this sense where manner is in  
> focus. There are other connectors like hEWS (how
> long) and POSOS, hOSOS, POSAKIS, POQEN. Even TI can be used in the  
> sense of "how".
>
> Acts 15:14 is translated variously in English versions:
> RSV: Simeon has related how God
> NCV: Simon has told us how God
> REB: Simon has described how it first happened that God
> NIV: Simon has described to us how God
>
> An interesting example with several how's is from Acts 9:27:
>
> NIV: But Barnabas took him and brought him to the apostles. He told  
> them how - PWS - Saul on his journey had seen the
> Lord and that - hOTI - the Lord had spoken to him, and how - PWS -  
> in Damascus he had preached fearlessly in the name of
> Jesus.






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