[B-Greek] John 1:42 petros or ?

George F Somsel gfsomsel at yahoo.com
Tue Feb 19 13:25:40 EST 2008


Text
ἤγαγεν αὐτὸν πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν. ἐμβλέψας αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν· σὺ εἶ Σίμων ὁ υἱὸς Ἰωάννου, σὺ κληθήσῃ Κηφᾶς, ὃ ἑρμηνεύεται Πέτρος.




HGAGEN AUTON PROS TON IHSOUN, EMBLEYAS AUTWi hO IHSOUS EIPEN, "SU EI SIMWN hO hUIOS IWANNOU, SU KLHQHSHi KHFAS hO hERMHNEUETAI PETROS.

The relative clause ὃ ἑρμηνεύεται Πέτρος [hO hERMHNEUETAI PETROS] is equivalent to ὅ ἐστιν
[hO ESTIN] which is covered by A.T. Robertson in his grammar

(c) Explanatory ὅ ἐστιν [hO ESTIN] and τοῦτʼ ἔστιν [TOUT' ESTIN].  A special idiom is the relative ὅ [hO] as an explanation (ὅ ἐστιν [hO ESTIN]) and the demonstrative τοῦτʼ ἔστι [TOUT' ESTI], which are both used without much regard to the gender (not to say number) of antecedent or predicate. Thus in Mk. 3:17 ὄνομα Βοανηργές, ὅ ἐστιν υἱοὶ βροντῆς [ONOMA BOANHRGES, hO ESTIN hUIOI BRONTHS]; 12:42 λεπτὰ δύο ὅ ἐστιν κοδράντης [LEPTA DUO hO ESTIN KODRANTHS]; 15:16 τῆς αὐλῆς, ὅ ἐστιν πραιτώριον [THS AUTHS, hO ESTIN PRAITWRION]; 15:22 Γολγοθὰν τόπον, ὅ ἐστιν κρανίου τόπος [GOLGOQAN TOPON, hO ESTIN KRANION TOPOS] (cf. Mt. 27:33); ῥαββεί, ὃ λέγεται [hRABBEI, hO LEGETAI] (Jo. 1:38); 1:42 Μεσσίαν ὅ ἐστιν [MESSIAN hO ESTIN]; Col. 3:14 τὴν ἀγάπην, ὅ
 ἐστιν σύνδεσμος [THN AGAPHN, hO ESTIN SUNDESMOS]; Eph. 6:17 μάχαιραν, ὅ ἐστιν ῥῆμα θεοῦ [MAXAIRAN, hO ESTIN hRHMA QEOU]. Blass observes that it is only in the Apocalypse that this explanatory relative is assimilated to the antecedent or predicate, as λαμπάδες, ἄ εἰσιν τὰ πνεύματα [LAMPADES, hA EISIN TA PNEUMATA] (Rev. 4:5), but ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑπτά, οἵ εἰσιν τὰ πνεύματα [OFQALMOUS hEPTA, hOI EISIN TA PNEUMATA] (5:6). But it is otherwise with the ordinary relative, as ὁ ναὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, οἵτινές ἐστε ὑμεῖς [hO NAOS TOU QEOU, hOITINES ESTE hUMEIS] (1 Cor. 3:17); Φιλίππους, ἥτις ἐστὶν πρώτη πόλις [FILIPPOUS, hHTIS ESTIN DOCA hUMIN] (Ac. 16:12); ὑπὸ τῶν ἀντικειμένων, ἥτις ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς ἕνδειξις ἀπωλείας [hUPO TWN ANTIKEIMENWN, hHTIS
 ESTIN AUTOIS ENDEICIS APWLEIAS] (Ph. 1:28); ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσίν μου ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, ἥτις ἐστὶν δόξα ὑμῶν [EN TAIS QLIYESIN MOU hUPER hUMWN, hHTIS ESTIN DOCA hUMWN] (Eph. 3:13). The use of τοῦτʼ ἔστιν [TOUT' ESTIN] is a common idiom in the later Greek (less so in the older) and is exactly equivalent to the Latin id est and has no regard to case, number or gender. So Ἐλωί—τοῦτʼ ἔστιν θεέ μου [ELWI–TOUT' ESTIN QEE MOU] (Mt. 27:46); τοῦτʼ ἔστιν τοὺς ἀδελφούς [TOUT' ESTIN TOUS ADELFOUS] (Heb. 7:5). Cf. Heb. 2:14; 9:11, etc. See further p. 399, and ch. XV, VII, (d), 10.


Robertson, A. (1919; 2006). A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research (411). Logos.




Note also the appearances of the verb ἑρμηνεύω [hERMHNEUW]

Jn 9.7

καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· ὕπαγε νίψαι εἰς τὴν κολυμβήθραν τοῦ Σιλωάμ (ὃ ἑρμηνεύεται ἀπεσταλμένος)

KAI EIPEN AUTWi hUPAGE NIYAI EIS THN KOLUMBHQRAN TOU SILWAM (hO hERMHNEUETAI APESTALMENOS)

Heb 7.2

ᾧ καὶ δεκάτην ἀπὸ πάντων ἐμέρισεν Ἀβραάμ, πρῶτον μὲν ἑρμηνευόμενος βασιλεὺς δικαιοσύνης ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ βασιλεὺς Σαλήμ, ὅ ἐστιν βασιλεὺς εἰρήνης, 









hWi KAI DEKATHN APO PANTWN EMERISEN ABRAAM, PRWTON MEN hERMHNEUOMENOS BASILEUS DIKAIOSUNHS EPEITA DE KAI BASILEUS SALHM, hO ESTIN BASILEUS EIRHNHS.
 
george
gfsomsel 
… search for truth, hear truth, 
learn truth, love truth, speak the truth, hold the truth, 
defend the truth till death.
 
 - Jan Hus
_________

----- Original Message ----
From: Gene Gardner <g_gardner1234 at yahoo.com>
To: b-greek at lists.ibiblio.org
Sent: Tuesday, February 19, 2008 8:20:52 AM
Subject: [B-Greek] John 1:42 petros or ?


  
In 
John 
1:42, 
why 
is 
"stone" 
written 
in 
the 
declined 
form 
of 
petros?


Thanks,


Gene 
Gardner

  
  
  
  
 
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