Steve,
Thanks for the clarification. If I might, there is one small
correction. EM is actually comprised of between 7 and 15 beneficial
microorganisms from a potential (choice) group of around 80.
Regards,
Titel
--- In compost_tea_at_yahoogroups.com, "Steve Bridges" <steve@t..=
.>
wrote:
> From this website
http://ww=
w.livingsoil.co.uk/learning/soilsustain.html
> ~~~~EM stands for effective microorganisms and specifically refers
to a cocktail of beneficial bacteria that is used as a soil
remediation and health measure in many organic farms in Japan. EM
was discovered and developed by the Japanese horticulturalist and
agriculturalist Dr Higa, Professor at the University of Okinawa. EM
contains over 80 microorganisms including populations of lactic acid
bacteria and yeasts and smaller numbers of photosynthetic bacteria,
actinomycetes and other types of organisms that are mutually
compatible and can coexist in balance in liquid culture. These
microorganisms are capable of generating minerals such as
tocopherol, lycopene, ubiquinone, saponin, and powerful anti-oxidant
flavonoids, such as quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside, and
quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside.
>
> EM can be used in agriculture via a number of methods. EM is
innoculated into the rhizosphere with the intention to regenerate
soil, raise yields, and improve the nutrient content of foods. EM
can be drip fed or sprayed in dilution onto crops and soil.
Alternatively EM can be used as a means of processing organic waste
to create a rich compost to facilitate crop growth. EM Bokashi is
starter made from a mix of fermented organic waste, molasses and
wheat bran. It contains large populations of EM which are dormant.
When Bokashi is mixed with organic food waste or manure, it
activates, and the beneficial microbes proliferate, fermenting the
waste into nutrient and antioxidant rich compost that competitively
excludes pathogenic bacteria and fungi. 1 litre of EM which costs
approximately £10 can produce 204 kg of Bokashi, that can process
7530kg/7.5 tons of organic food waste. In other words one litre of
EM can create 7.5 tons of organic Bokashi compost, rich in
beneficial microbes.
>
> EM is reported to assert a powerful regenerative effect on soil
(Higa 1994), helping to re-establish a balanced soil ecology and to
combat oxidative corrosion in plants and humans (Deiana, Dessi, Ke,
Liang, Higa, Gilmour, Jen, Rahman, Aruom, 2002). According to Dr
Higa, a combination of microorganisms applied to the soil has a much
higher chance of establishing itself that the innoculation of a
single strain. "If the microorganisms comprising the mixed culture
can coexist and are physiologically compatible and mutually
complementary, and if the initial inoculum density is sufficiently
high, there is a high probability that these microorganisms will
become established in the soil and will be effective as an
associative group, whereby such positive interactions would
continue." ~~~~
>
> Steve Bridges
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: ericgoodenough
> To: compost_tea_at_yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Monday, June 14, 2004 7:17 PM
> Subject: [compost_tea] EM
>
>
> OK, Expand Messages? Energized Manure? Exceptional Moderat=
ion?
I
> give up. What does EM stand for?
>
>
>
>
>
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Received on Tue Jun 15 2004 - 02:16:25 EDT
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