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Oppiliappan List Archive: Message 00024 Jun 2004

 
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SrI:

 Dear BhakthAs of  Lord  PaarTasArathy :

 Today , we  will study the EIGHTH Chapter of
 SrImath Bhagvath GeethA , which is the second chapter
 in the second hextad of Geethai adhyAyams .It will take
 more than one post to summarize the high lights of
 this chapter and its relationship to the previous chapter.

 Swamy  Desikan's summary of the EIGHTH Chapter of Geethai
 **************************************************
 Swamy Desikan's brilliant  summary of the 28 slOkams of
 the EIGHTH chapter has taken  this form in his
 GithArtha Sangraham Paasuram :

 aarAtha selvamum aar uyir kaaNum arum payanum
 pErAthu tann kazhal keezh amarum peru vAzhcchikaLum
 sOrAthu uhanthavar thUmathi koLvathum seyvanavum
 tErA Visayanukkut-ThirunAraNan seppinanE

 ---GeethArtha Samgraham : Paasuram 9.

 (Meaning ): Lord KrishNA , the direct incarnation of
 SrIman NaarAyaNan , performed upadEsam to the confused
 Arjunan about the doctrines to be grasped and the practises to be
 observed by the four different adhikAris ( qualified ones) who desire
 either undiminishing wealth  or the enjoyment arising from
 the direct visualization of the Self or the parama purushArTam
 ( the Supreme Goal) of living forever at the sacred feet of
 the Lord in His Supreme abode (SrI Vaikuntham).

 Prelude to the 8th Chapter
 **********************
 At the very end of the 7th chapter, Bhagavan Used two slOkams
 ( 29th and 30th slOkam) to instruct ArjunA about the need for
 a clear understanding of three tatthvams by those who wish
 to get  a release from dhOshams like old age , death et al and
 to enjoy the aanandham of direct visualization of the AathmA
 (KaivalyAnubhavam) . These three tatthvams to be understood
 were mentioned without elaboration as " Brahmam , adhyAthmam
 and Karmam ". Here " Brahmam " stands for the Supreme abode of
 auspicious attributes (viz)., Svaroopam of VishNu . " AdhyAthmam-
 Kruthsnam " refers to the blessed JnA~na svaroopam of the JeevAthma
 seen during KaivalyAnubhavam . "akhilam Karma " refers to the
 entire karmAs of the Lord . The adhikAri (seeker ) here is the one
 who desires the joy of KaivalyAnubhavam . This upadEsam 
was covered  in the 29th slOkam of the 7th Chapter and was for 
the benefit of  KavalyArTi , the one seeking Kaivalya anubhavam.

 In the 30th and the final slOkam of the 7th chapter ,  our Lord
 aimed His instruction at the other remaining three adhikAris 
( Aartthan  ,  arTArTi and Jig~nAsu) , who are collectively named as
 the seekers of Iswaryam ( IsvaryArTi). Our Lord indicated
 that these three adhikAris should know about adhibhUtham ,
 adhidhaivam , adhiyaj~nam and anthima smruthi ( rememberance
 of the Lord even during their last moments on earth).

 Strictly speaking there are three types of adhkAris instead of Four :

 (1) KaivalyArTi, who desires pure aathmAnubhavam
 (visualization and enjoyment of the Self) .

 (2) IsvaryArTi, who desires the best of worldly joys .
 The one wants to regain lost weath (aarTi) and one who
 wishes to gain  wealth for the first time are both clubbed
 under " IsvaryArTi" .

 (3) MokshArTi , who desires neither Kaivalyam  nor perishable
 lOka sukhams but longs only for Moksham ( residence in  SrI Vaikuntam
 to enjoy the bliss of nithya kaimakryam to SrIman NaarAyaNan).

 Each of these three kinds of adhikAris need to understand different
 tattvams ( Brahmam , adhyAthmam and Karmam for KaivalyArTis
 and adhyayaj~nam ) .

 Arjuna was confused between these terminologies and the requirements
 that each kind of adhikAri should possess . In the first slOkam of the 8th
 Chapter , Arjuna pleads with the Lord to explain these concepts clearly.

 There are 8 questions from Arjuna : (1) Who is that Brahmam ?
 (2) What is adhyAthmam ? (3) What is Karmam ? (4) What are
 the activities of Brahmam? (5) What is adhibhUtham ?
 (6) What is adhidhaivam ? (7) How can one find adhiyaj~nam in
 the body of  Jeevans? Who is adhujaj~nan ? (8) During the last
 moments ,what is the purpose of Yours(Lord's)  , what form are you
 (My Lord) appearing and how can one recognize You then ?

 Throughout the entire 8th chapter , BhagavAn answers
 patiently and clearly the above 8 questions from Arjuna.

 (To be continued )

 Swami Desikan ThiruvadigLE SaraNam ,
 Daasan  , Oppiliappan Koil VaradAchAri Sadagopan

 SrImathE SrI Lakshminrusimha Dhivya PaadhukA Sevaka
 SrIvaNN SaThakOpa SrI NaarAyaNa YathIndhra MahA DesikAya Nama:





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