In Luke 24:1 there is reference to Sunday as Τῇ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων, and in Psalm 47:1 (LXX) Monday is referenced as δευτέρᾳ σαββάτου. I also find reference to τρίτῃ τῶν σαββάτων (Tuesday) and τετάρτῃ τῶν σαββάτων (Wednesday) in the literature.
How did the Greeks refer to days of the week? Can one assume that for Jewish or Christian communities in Hellenistic times the the feminine ordinal number + τῶν σαββάτων would be understood as a normal expression to describe the day of the week (other than the Sabbath itself, of course)?
Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
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Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
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Re: Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
[Edited] See Claudius Ptolemy, page 215 of https://books.google.ca/books?id=KSJaAQ ... ge&f=false
More useful perhaps is https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_ ... er_planets
For the origins, see page 14 of Zerubavel, The Seven Day Circle: The History and Meaning of the Week https://books.google.ca/books?id=Cd5ZjR ... &q&f=false
More useful perhaps is https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_ ... er_planets
For the origins, see page 14 of Zerubavel, The Seven Day Circle: The History and Meaning of the Week https://books.google.ca/books?id=Cd5ZjR ... &q&f=false
Ken M. Penner
Professor and Chair of Religious Studies, St. Francis Xavier University
Editor, Digital Biblical Studies
General Editor, Lexham English Septuagint
Co-Editor, Online Critical Pseudepigrapha pseudepigrapha.org
Professor and Chair of Religious Studies, St. Francis Xavier University
Editor, Digital Biblical Studies
General Editor, Lexham English Septuagint
Co-Editor, Online Critical Pseudepigrapha pseudepigrapha.org
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Re: Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
DAYS OF THE WEEK
• Sunday: ἡ κυριακὴ ἡμέρα (the Lord’s day) or ἡ πρώτη ἡμέρα (the first day)
• Monday: ἡ δευτέρη ἡμέρα
• Tuesday: ἡ τρίτη ἡμέρα
• Wednesday: ἡ τεττάρτη ἡμέρα
• Thursday: ἡ πέμπτη ἡμέρα
• Friday: ἡ παρασκευὴ (ἡμέρα) preparation day or ἡ ἑκτὴ ἡμέρα (the sixth day)
• Saturday: τὸ Σάββατον or ἡ ἑβδόμη. Sometimes pl.: (ἐν) τοῖς σάββασιν on the Sabbath
Ken, what page are we supposed to look at? Can you give a page number?
• Sunday: ἡ κυριακὴ ἡμέρα (the Lord’s day) or ἡ πρώτη ἡμέρα (the first day)
• Monday: ἡ δευτέρη ἡμέρα
• Tuesday: ἡ τρίτη ἡμέρα
• Wednesday: ἡ τεττάρτη ἡμέρα
• Thursday: ἡ πέμπτη ἡμέρα
• Friday: ἡ παρασκευὴ (ἡμέρα) preparation day or ἡ ἑκτὴ ἡμέρα (the sixth day)
• Saturday: τὸ Σάββατον or ἡ ἑβδόμη. Sometimes pl.: (ἐν) τοῖς σάββασιν on the Sabbath
Ken, what page are we supposed to look at? Can you give a page number?
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Re: Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
For "week":
ἡ ἑβδομάς (cf. ἑπτά)
τὸ Σάββατον ιε: κατὰ μίαν Σαββάτου
τὰ σάββατα ιε: ἡ μία τῶν Σαββάτων
ἡ ἑβδομάς (cf. ἑπτά)
τὸ Σάββατον ιε: κατὰ μίαν Σαββάτου
τὰ σάββατα ιε: ἡ μία τῶν Σαββάτων
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Re: Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
Ken, Louis, thank you. This gives me what I need for my composition list. I stumbled around in Ptolemy a bit in TLG, and never did find σελήνη there. The Wikipedia list is great though - a nice comparison of many languages. Your lists are always ready to go for composition, Louis, which is no doubt why you assembled them the way you did. Thanks again.
I found an interesting listing of the Greek names in TLG: ASTROLOGICA, Prognosticon (e cod. Scorial. I R 14, fol. 151). {4350.027} Vol 11,1. page 131. I am finding TLG more and more my go-to software for a lot of different purposes since I subscribed. It is a hefty admission price, but I do find I'm using it on a daily basis.
I found an interesting listing of the Greek names in TLG: ASTROLOGICA, Prognosticon (e cod. Scorial. I R 14, fol. 151). {4350.027} Vol 11,1. page 131. I am finding TLG more and more my go-to software for a lot of different purposes since I subscribed. It is a hefty admission price, but I do find I'm using it on a daily basis.
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Re: Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
If you want to consider how people outside the Jewish community perceived the names, the word Παρασκευή is explained in Mark 14:52 as προσάββατον. My assumption from that is that more people were familiar with the Jewish community using the word "σάββατον" than they were familiar with the use of the word Παρασκευή, because the one is used to explain the other.Louis L Sorenson wrote:• Friday: ἡ παρασκευὴ (ἡμέρα) preparation day or ἡ ἑκτὴ ἡμέρα (the sixth day)
For "weekend", you could use σαββατοκυριακή. It can be found in Stephanus' lexicon on page 8 of volume VII of the 1848-1854 edition
Γελᾷ δ' ὁ μωρός, κἄν τι μὴ γέλοιον ᾖ
(Menander, Γνῶμαι μονόστιχοι 108)
(Menander, Γνῶμαι μονόστιχοι 108)
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Re: Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
A search of TLGe finds 1 instance of σαββατοκυριάκ...For "weekend", you could use σαββατοκυριακή. It can be found in Stephanus' lexicon on page 8 of volume VII of the 1848-1854 edition
Frequency matters a lot in recreating Koine.δι' ἔνδειαν γὰρ μὴ δυναμένης ἱερουργεῖσθαι
ἐν σαββατοκυριάκοις γὰρ καὶ ταῖς ἐπισήμοις τῶν ἑορτῶν,
τοῦτο οὖν ἰδὼν αὐτὸς καθ' ἑκάστην τοῦτο διὰ προσόδων γίνε-
σθαι ᾠκονόμησε, φαιδρύνας αὐτὴν καὶ λαμπροῖς ἀναθή-
μασι.
προσάββατον has 15 occurrences, so that word has more attestation.
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Re: Days of the Week in Hellenistic Greek
I say "could use" because the concept of the weekend is not what is meant by the word in the Koine. In Eastern and Oriental Orthodox liturgical theology, the Sabbath still retains an important position in the week despite the preeminence of the Lord's day (the 1st and 8th day of the week). The upshot of that is that σαββατοκυριακή would signify a day which is either the Sabbath or the Lord's day (Saturday or Sunday), rather than being a word which is a collective term for both - as the modern conceptualisation of "weekend" presents itself as being.Louis L Sorenson wrote:A search of TLGe finds 1 instance of σαββατοκυριάκ...For "weekend", you could use σαββατοκυριακή. It can be found in Stephanus' lexicon on page 8 of volume VII of the 1848-1854 edition
Frequency matters a lot in recreating Koine.δι' ἔνδειαν γὰρ μὴ δυναμένης ἱερουργεῖσθαι
ἐν σαββατοκυριάκοις γὰρ καὶ ταῖς ἐπισήμοις τῶν ἑορτῶν,
τοῦτο οὖν ἰδὼν αὐτὸς καθ' ἑκάστην τοῦτο διὰ προσόδων γίνε-
σθαι ᾠκονόμησε, φαιδρύνας αὐτὴν καὶ λαμπροῖς ἀναθή-
μασι.
The entry in Stephanus seems to have about 3 other instances besides the on you have. The Modern Greek word (in the neuter [urlhttp://www.greek-language.gr/greekLang/modern_ ... %CE%BF&dq=]Σαββατοκύριακο[/url]) expresses the modern conceptualisation - collective ("and") of the word, rather than the alternative ("or") meaning.
Γελᾷ δ' ὁ μωρός, κἄν τι μὴ γέλοιον ᾖ
(Menander, Γνῶμαι μονόστιχοι 108)
(Menander, Γνῶμαι μονόστιχοι 108)