[B-Greek] πᾶσαι = only two in Matt. 13.56?
Carl Conrad
cwconrad2 at mac.com
Wed Mar 9 17:40:06 EST 2011
On Mar 9, 2011, at 5:31 PM, Mark Goodacre wrote:
> On 9 March 2011 01:43, Alastair Haines <haines at alastairs.com> wrote:
>
>> Thanks for the question. This was new to me.
>> Mark Lightman prompted me to check.
>> BDAG
>> PAS, PASA, PAN 1d
>> subst.--a. PANTES, PASAI all, everyone
>> (even when only two are involved = both;
>> Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 27 s105 [Caesar and Pompey])
>> Something seems amis with the reference (or my reading of it).
>> I cannot find the word at
>> http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0231%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D15%3Asection%3D105
>
> Thanks; I'd missed that. I managed to chase the reference down to
> App. BC 2.4.27:
>
> ἐνισταμένων δὲ πολλῶν ὡς οὐκ ἴσον διὰ τὸ μήπω τὸν χρόνον ἐξήκειν τῷ
> Πομπηίῳ, σαφέστερον ὁ Κουρίων ἤδη καὶ τραχύτερον ἀπεγύμνου μὴ χρῆναι
> μηδὲ Καίσαρι πέμπειν διαδόχους, εἰ μὴ καὶ Πομπηίῳ δοῖεν: ὄντων γὰρ
> αὐτῶν ἐς ἀλλήλους ὑπόπτων οὔπω τῇ πόλει τὴν εἰρήνην ἔσεσθαι βεβαίαν,
> εἰ μὴ *πάντες* ἰδιωτεύσειαν.
>
> "Many opposed this as unjust, because Pompey's term had not yet
> expired. Then Curio came out more openly and decidedly against
> appointing successors to Cæsar unless Pompey also should lay down his
> command; for since they were both suspicious of each other, he
> contended that there could be no lasting peace to the commonwealth
> unless *both* were reduced to the character of private citizens
> (Horace White translation)."
>
> It doesn't provide a good analogy for the alleged possibility of two
> in Matt. 13.56, though. Here, it is clear that Appian is talking about
> Pompey and Caesar in context. In Matt. 13.56 there is no previous
> mention of Mary and Salome (or whoever) to make PASAI plausibly mean
> "both".
I would agree that it doesn't. The sense here is that if there is to be
a truce, then "everybody" ought to observe the same terms -- even if
there are only two parties. It's a way of underscoring the equality of
obligations, a rhetorical usage of PANTES. Or so it seems to me.
Carl W. Conrad
Department of Classics, Washington University (Retired)
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