SrI:
Dear BhakthAs of Lord PaarTasArathy :
Today , we will study the TWELFTH Chapter of
SrImath Bhagvath GeethA .This chapter has
20 slOkams . This chapter is about Communion
through loving devotion .
Introduction to the 12th chapter
***********************************
BhagavAn explains here the following aspects of the Bhakthi
Yogam /Bhagavath UpAsanam; latter is superior to
the meditation on the AathmA/Self ( JeevAthmOpAsanam).
The superiority of the Bhagavath UpAsanam over
AathmOpAsanam is due to the superiority of
the object of meditation ( Bhagavan ) over AathmA.
AchArya RaamAnujA quotes the 47th slOkam of
the sixth chapter of Bhagavath GeethA in this context :
" He who , with faith , worships Me , whose inmost self is
fixed in Me , I consider him as the most integrated
among all Yogins " . The path of meditation on the Self
is recommended for one , who does not have the wherewithall
to follow Bhagavath UpAsanam.
BhagavAn explains the following four points related to
Bhakthi Yogam in the twelfth chapter:
1. Meditation on the Lord through Bhakthi yOgam
2. Speediness of Bhakthi yOgam in bearing fruits
over JeevAthmOpAsanam and hence the superiortiy
of Bhakthi yOgam/Bhagavath UpAsanam
3. the " felicity " of the performance of Bhagavath UpAsanam
4. the means for meditation ( upAsanam ) on the Lord.
Swamy AlavanthAr's summary of the 12th chapter
*****************************************************
BhakthE: Sraishtyam upAyOkthi: asakthasyAthmanishtathA
tathprAkArAsthvathipreethi: BhakthE dhvAdasa uchyathE
- - - GeethArTa Sangraham of Swamy AlavathAr: slOkam 16
(Expanded mening): The superiority of Bhakthi yOgam is taught to
Arjuna in the 12th chapter. Arjuna is advised that Bhagavath
UpAsanam is superior (Sraishtyam) to JeevAthama upAsanam
( Aathma saakshAthkAram/Kaivalyam ) . Bhagavath UpAsanam is
identified as the one which will yield fruits (Moksham) quicker
than JeevAthmOpAsanam. Those who are not qualified for
Bhagavath upAsanam should elect for JeevAthmOpAsanam ,
which will pave the way for Bhagavath UpAsanam (asakthasya
aathma nishtathA ) . There are many steps in Bhagavath
UpAsanam ( Bhakthi yOgam): Control of mind , total focus
on experiencing Bhagavath GuNams , Construction of Temple ,
Gopuram , other Kiamkaryams to the Lord with Bhagavath preethi
alone in mind (athi prethA:) and the scrupulous observance of
nithya karmAs . These are UpAyOkthis. The accessory to Bhakthi
Yogam(Tath PrAkArA: ) is Karma yOgam . The aathma guNams
conducive to the observance of Karma Yogam are described by
BhagavAn from slOkam 13 to 19 of this twelfth chapter.
Swamy Desikan's summary of the 12th Chapter
*************************************************
Tann kazhalil patthi thAzhathathum athan kAraNamAm
innguNa chinthayum Eethu aRiyAthArkku avvadimaikaLum
tann karumankaL aRiyAthavarkku ilahu nilayum
tann kazhal anbarkku nallavan sARRinan PaartthanukkE
-- -- 13th Paasuram of Swamy Desikan's GeethArTa Sangraham
Meaning of the First & part ofthe second lines of the Paasuram :
******************************************************************
" Tann Kazhalil patthi thAzhAthathum , athan KaaraNamAm
innguNa chinthayum "
One who observes occupational duties , nithya karmAs ,
performs Yaagam , Homam , Tapas and dhAnam and presents
the fruits of those karmAs to the Lord in the spirit of Saathvika
ThyAgam will be assisted by the Lord to overcome all obstacles
to cross the ocean of samsAram and the Lord will grant him
Moksham . In contrast to the above Bhagavath upAsanam
with the angam of Karma yOgam , the route of AathmOpAsanam
will delay one's journey to MOksham since it is not easy to stop
the activities of the senses to perform upAsanam on JeevAthma .
The upAsakan has been used to consider his deham as AathmA and
that leads to additional confusion . Although it is difficult at
the beginning to have whole hearted focus on Bhagavan for one
who has been ruled by his senses , the repeated meditation on
BhagavAn's anantha kalyANa guNams will pave the way for
success in Bhagavath upAsanam.
Meaning of the rest of the second line of the Paasuram
*********************************************************
" EethaRiyArkku avvadimaikaLum "
It is not easy to deflect the mind to engage in dhyAnam
of BhagavAn since the mind for a very long time has been
lured by external pleasures of a nonlasting kind. The power of
the old vaasanais can however be controlled in favor of
Bhagavath upAsanam by engaging in matters that please
the Lord : Building of His temples , creating flower gardens for
Him , lighting lamps in His sannidhi , facilitating AarAdhanam
for Him , Performing PradhikshaNams , BhagavannAma
sankeertthanam and namaskaraNam .Since these karmAs are
sacred and constant engagement in them will lead to single
pointed devotion to the Lord and access to Him .
Meaning of the Third line of the Paasuram
********************************************
" Tann karumangaL aRiyAthavarkku ilahu nilayum "
Saathvika ThyAgam including the samarpaNam of
the fruits of the karmAs to the Lord will destroy
sins arising from ahankAra-mamakArams . The JevAthma
dhyAnam will follow ; avidhyai will get banished and
the sEshathva Jn~Anam will get established .
The comprehension of the blissful nature of
the AathmA on a par with the Lord's aanandha
svaroopam will be realized and Bhakthi yOgam
will be realized with out much effort .
The Meaning of the fourth line of the Paasuram
**************************************************
" Tann Kazhal anbarkku nallavan saaRRinan PaatthanukkE "
Our Lord indicates that those who practise Bhakthi yOgam
(Tann kazhal anbar ) are very dear to Him ( anbarkku nallavan).
This truth was taught by the Lord to Arjuna in the 12th chapter
( saaRRinAn PaartthanukkE ) .
Some Key slOkams of the 10th Chapter of Bhagavath GeethA
***************************************************************
MayyAvEsya manO yE Maam nithyayukthA upAsathE
sraddhayA parayOpEtAstE mE yukthatamA mathA:
-- -- 2nd slOkam
(meaning): " Those who , ever integratd with Me and
possessed of supreme faith , worship Me , focusing their
minds on Me-- -- these are considered by Me the highest
among the Yogins " .
yE tu sarvANI karmANi mayi sanyasya MathparA:
ananyEnaiva yOgEna Maam dhyAyantha upAsathE
-- -- 6th SlOkam
tEshAm aham samuddharthA mruthyusamsaAra saagarAth
BhavAmi na cirAth PaarTa MayyAvEsitha chEthasAm
-- -- 7th slOkam
(Meaning of both the slOkams): " For , those who dedicate all
actions to Me , hold Me as their supreme goal , intent on Me , and
worship Me meditating on Me with exclusive devotion. Of those
whose minds are thus focused on Me , I become soon their
Saviour from the ocean of mortal life" .
In slOkams 13 to 19 , BhagavAn lists the attributes of
those who are dear to Him as practioners of Karma Yogam
as an angam for Bhakthi yOgam . The sixteenth slOkam provides
an example of such upAsakan dear to the Lord:
anapEksha: suchirdaksha udhAseenO gathvyaTa:
sarvArambha-parithyAgi yO madhbhaktha: Sa mE priya:
(Meeaning): " He who is free from desires , who is pure ,
expert , indifferent and free from agony , who has renounced
every undertaking -- -- he is dear to Me."
tulyanindhAsthuthir-mounee samtushtO yEna kEnachith
anikEtha: sTiramathir-bhathimAn mE priyO nara:
-- -- 19th slOkam
(Meaning ): " He who regards alike both blame and praise ,
who is silent and content with any lot , who has no home ,
who is firm of mind , and who is devoted to Me -- -- dear to Me
is such a man . "
Sarvam KrishNArpaNam asthu ,
Daasan , Oppiliappan KOil VaradachAri SadagOpan
Srimate Sri Laksminrisimha Divya Paduka Sevaka
SrivaNN Satakopa Sri Narayana Yatindra Mahadesikaya Nama:
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