| Prior to World War I (1914-18) the Ottoman (Turkish) Empire had for centuries controlled most of the Middle East and (for varying amounts of time) North Africa and Southeast Europe. Following the war the Empire was partitioned by the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres and after a period of turmoil and warfare the Republic of Türkiye (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti in Turkish) was established in 1923. The country was historically called Turkey but in 2022 the Turkish government informed the United Nations that it prefers the official spelling Türkiye to be used in English. The Directory uses the spelling Türkiye in its descriptions but retains Turkish as the adjective form and preserves the more familiar spelling Turkey on the index page.
Most of Turkey (97%) is in Asia, including the broad
peninsula of Anatolia (Asia Minor) between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean
Sea; the remaining 3% is the region of East Thrace at the southeastern corner of Europe. Between Anatolia and Thrace
is the small Sea of Marmara (Marmara Denizi) connected to the Black Sea by the Bosporus (İstanbul Boğazı) and to the Aegean Sea by the Dardanelles (Çanakkale Boğazı) These narrow passages form a
famous international waterway, lit by several historic lighthouses, connecting
the Black Sea to the Mediterranean.
Türkiye is divided into 81 provinces (iller). This page describes the lighthouses of Türkiye's Black Sea coast east
of the İstanbul region, from Zonguldak Province to the Georgian border.
Since the 1920s the Turkish language has been written in a Latin script; a distinctive feature of the alphabet is that the dotted (İ and i) and dotless (I and ı) forms of the letter I are different letters. The Turkish phrase for a lighthouse is fener (plural fenerler)
or deniz feneri ("sea lantern"). Ada or adası is an island, yarımada is a peninsula, kaya is a rock or reef, burnu is
a cape, burun ("nose") is a headland, körfez is a gulf, koy is a bay or inlet, boğaz is a strait, nehir is a river, and liman is a harbor.
Lighthouses in Türkiye are operated by the Directorate General
of Coastal Safety (Kıyı Emniyeti
Genel Müdürlüğü, KEGM).
ARLHS numbers are from the ARLHS
World List of Lights. TR numbers are Turkish light list numbers as reported by the Admiralty. Admiralty
numbers are from volume N of the Admiralty List of Lights & Fog
Signals. U.S. NGA List numbers are from Publication 113.
- General Sources
- Seyir Yardımcıları (Navigational Aids)
- Information on major lighthouses posted by the Directorate General
- Online List of
Lights - Turkey - Black Sea
- Photos by various photographers posted by Alexander
Trabas.
- Lighthouses in Turkey
- Photos by various photographers available from Wikimedia.
- World of Lighthouses - Turkey
- Photos by various photographers available from Lightphotos.net.
- Europäische
Leuchttürme auf historischen Postkarten
- Historic postcard images posted by Klaus Huelse.
- GPSNauticalCharts
- Navigational chart information for Türkiye.
- Google Maps
- Satellite view of Türkiye's Black Sea coast.
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Zonguldak Light, Zonguldak, June 2025
Google Maps photo by Caner Anda |