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Law Enforcement Toolkit

Community and Police Training Manuals for DV, Rape and Sexual Assault

Further information: RAINN 1.202.544.0227 or 1.800.656.HOPE (4673)

 

See also: Communication with rape victims

 

Looking Back -- Moving Forward: A Guidebook for Communities Responding to Sexual Assault

http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/publications/infores/soo/lbmf-gb.htm

"This guide analyzes the progress of the past two decades in the response to sexual assault cases by law enforcement agents, prosecutors and emergency medical care providers. Looking Back also speaks to the development of rape crisis centers and other victim services that concentrate on meeting the needs of the victim."

"The Need for a Comprehensive Approach
Improving the investigation and prosecution of rape cases cannot be accomplished by any single agency. At least two recent major reports strongly advocate interagency cooperation (Epstein, Langenhahn, 1994; National Victim Center, 1992). The National Victim Center Report, Looking Back, Moving Forward: A Guidebook for Communities Responding to Sexual Assault, identified a number of agencies that should play a key role after an assault occurs.

These agencies and their roles are depicted in a figure contained in the above mentioned report (National Victim Center, 1992). This figure identifies roles for five types of agencies/disciplines in responding to sexual assaults:

o Medical - Ambulance attendants, nurses, physicians, hospital chaplains
o Law Enforcement - State troopers, Police by state and department
o Prosecution - Violence against women, Statistics
o Corrections - Center for Sex Offender Management, Center for Effective Public Policy
o Victim Services - Victim's advocates, RAINN, Rape Crisis Centers, Social workers

As the figure indicates, victims who report rapes to law enforcement will likely have contact with medical and victim service professionals as well as law enforcement. If an arrest is made, prosecution professionals become involved. If there is a conviction, then corrections becomes involved. The NVC report strongly advocates establishing community sexual assault interagency councils with representatives from these areas. The report also suggests these interagency councils should negotiate a multiagency protocol specifying how sexual assault cases should be handled.

Even though establishing an interagency council is difficult and may be impractical in some communities, the importance of cooperation cannot be overemphasized. Law enforcement is critically important, but law enforcement cannot succeed without the assistance and support of other agencies." National Violence Against Women Prevention Research Center

State Sexual Assault Coalitions

Local Rape Crisis Centers

 

Transforming Communities Guides

http://www.transformcommunities.org/tctatsite/ttools_alpha.html

"A learning center for the advancement of new thinking, practices and strategies to prevent violence against women and girls."

 

Acquaintance Rape of College Students, COPS, March 2002, NCJ 195868. (61 pages).

"Rape is the most common violent crime on American
college campuses today. This guide describes the problem
of acquaintance rape of college students, addressing its
scope, causes and contributing factors; methods for
analyzing it on a particular campus; tested responses; and
measures for assessing response effectiveness. With this
information, police and public safety officers can more
effectively prevent the problem.

The Problem-Oriented Guides for Police series is very much a
collaborative effort. While each guide has a primary
author, other project team members, COPS Office staff
and anonymous peer reviewers contributed to each guide."

 

Domestic Violence Training Opportunities

http://www.domesticviolencetraining.com/

"Domestic violence training is now available for law enforcement officers, the public and private business professionals through the National Institute of Crime Prevention."

"Our organization holds multiple domestic violence training conferences throughout the year in many locations throughout the United States...Domestic violence training is provided by the National Institute of Crime Prevention. The course is primarily aimed at Uniformed Officers, Supervisors, and Detectives, as well as Victim Advocates and Victim Service Providers."

 

Public Training Institute

http://www.breakingthecycleinc.com/

"P.T.I. is a consulting firm that specializes in training seminars, curriculum development and a myriad of public relations functions on the issues of violence against women and children and workplace violence."

 

Sisters, Mothers, Daughters

http://www.arts-education.org/arts_ed/smd.html

"Sisters, Mothers, Daughters is a half hour documentary that commemorates the lives of two women and one teenager murdered by their husbands or boyfriends. Currently in use by law enforcement agencies, domestic violence agencies and several branches of the US military, the documentary is accompanied by a leadership guide for use in training and classrooms."

 

Stop Domestic Violence - Training videos

http://www.stopdv.com/index2.htm

"This four video set comes with a manual and sample domestic violence report. Although, they were primarily created for law enforcement, they are designed to "stand alone" without a live presenter and can be used in the training of prosecutors, probation, judges, victim services personnel, volunteers, dispatchers, medical personnel, educators, etc."

"Sergeant Anne O'Dell (Retired) is a twenty year veteran of the San Diego Police Dept., who now trains nationally and internationally on Domestic Violence and related issues."

 

Sexual Assault Training and Investigations

http://www.mysati.com/resources_new.htm

Sexual assault publications

"SATI, Inc. training is essential for criminal justice professionals, including police, prosecutors, judges, probation and parole officers. Community-based advocates, social workers, military personnel, state victim/witness assistance employees, sexual assault forensic examiners and other medical staff will also greatly benefit by obtaining a clear understanding of the role of law enforcement and how collaborative efforts can improve coordinated community responses to crimes of sexual violence. "

 

Confronting Domestic Violence: Effective Police Response

http://www.transformcommunities.org/tctatsite/tools/confronting_dv_epr.html

"Still useful, informative and practical after ten years, this manual provides basic domestic violence education for law enforcement officers and highlights key elements of a model policy for a police response to domestic violence. "

 

Community Policing to Reduce and Prevent Violence Against Women: Training Curriculum and Resource Guide

http://www.transformcommunities.org/tctatsite/tools/cptpv.html

"This program offers a unique opportunity for a participating jurisdiction to decide on, plan, and implement a community-policing response to violence against women...."

 

Training manuals from the Minnesota Center Against Violence and Abuse (MINCAVA)

http://www.mincava.umn.edu/library/training/

"This section contains resources that may be helpful to trainers and organizations that are looking for already published violence prevention training manuals, curricula and teaching resources to assist them with violence prevention training."

 

Violence Against Women training manuals

http://www.vaw.umn.edu/library/sexassault#833

 

Center for Law and Public Policy on Sexual Violence

http://www.lclark.edu/org/ncvli/clpps.html

"NCVLI's Center for Law and Public Policy on Sexual Violence (CLPPS) was established in 2003 as an outgrowth of the Violence Against Women Project...legal resources for lawyers, prosecutors, judges, law enforcement, legislators, policy analysts, advocates and researchers working to end sexual violence."

 

Domestic Violence: The Law Enforcement Response

"Domestic Violence: The Law Enforcement Response is a comprehensive training package for first responders produced by the Law Enforcement Resource Center (LERC), 612-872-8284 in Minneapolis, and the Duluth National Training Project (NTP), 218-722-2781. It includes four video tapes that accompany a detailed instructors manual. The training has 18 modules which can be covered in one or two days. Agencies can either purchase the training tapes and manual and use it on their own or they can contact the Duluth National Training Project for trainers to come to their community and teach the course."

 

Forensic training services inc.

http://www.forensictraining.us/courses/index.php3

"FTSI and PTSI offer more than 75 courses at this time. Please check this site frequently for updates or sign up for our email newsletter to automatically be notified when we add courses that may be of interest to you."

 

Domestic Violence Photography

http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/dv-photo.html

 

Community Treatment and Supervision of Juvenile Sex Offenders

http://home.earthlink.net/~mglieden

"A model that effectively addressed the many needs of the judicial system, the treatment providers, and the offender and his or her family."

 

Rape Prevention - from Missouri Police Department

http://www.hendersonville-pd.org/PreventionTips/RapePreventionTips.html

"Accept the fact that you are a potential rape victim. Many women operate under the illusion 'it will never happen to me.' It may."

 

Violence Against Women: Synthesis of Research for Law Enforcement Officials, NIJ-Sponsored, 9/2003, NCJ 198372. (36 pages).

http://www.ncjrs.gov/

 

National Criminal Justice Reference Service website.

http://virlib.ncjrs.org/

Find documents on Improving the Community Response to Sexual Assault Victims at the website for the National Criminal Justice Reference Service website.

 

Juvenial Justice Directory

http://www.lawresearch.com/practice/crime-juvenial/Alpha-L.htm

Law Enforcement Management and Administrative manuals.

 

A coordinated community response to domestic violence

http://www.cityofshelter.org/

 

Police Interaction Research Report

http://www.nycagainstrape.org/research_pirp.html

"A study exploring the nature of both positive and negative survivor-police experiences from the perspective of rape crisis counselors and ED advocates."

 

The Office for Victims of Crime (OVC)

http://www.ovc.gov/publications/infores/other.htm

"The Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) provides videos and other resources designed to inform and assist victim service providers and allied professionals in their efforts to respond to crime victims."

 

Adjusting the National Crime Victimization Survey's Estimates of Rape and Domestic Violence for 'Gag' Factors

"The researchers considered whether the type of interview (personal or telephone) and the presence of another person (particularly a spouse) influenced or "gagged" the reporting of rape and domestic violence in the NCVS. It is hypothesized that the inclusion of such yes/no questions would more easily allow victims to report rape or domestic violence incidents in telephone interviews, even with spouses present in the home during the interview."

 

Basic information about rape trauma syndrome

Behavior to expect from rape victims

 

Police Intervention and the Repeat of Domestic Assault, Final Report

http://www.ncjrs.gov/

"The study examined the effects of reporting and arrest on the repeat of assaults against intimate partners... The analysis suggests that police involvement has a strong deterrent effect while the effect of arrest is small and statistically insignificant."

 

Domestic Violence Policy: Exploring Impacts on Informing Police, Arresting the Offender, and Deterring Domestic Violence, Final Report, NIJ-Sponsored, 10/2002, NCJ 196854.

http://www.ncjrs.gov/

 

Lesson plans for classroom awareness raising

http://www.ibiblio.org/rcip//bks.html#lp

 

Katrina, Natural Disasters and Sexual Violence

http://www.nycagainstrape.org/research_factsheet_111.html

"Rape and violence against women in the aftermath of humanitarian disasters is no new problem. Internationally, rape in refugee situations has become quite common. According to the Human Rights Watch document “Sexual Violence Against Refugees: Guidelines on Prevention and Response”, there are several causes or circumstances which allow sexual attacks to take place"

Toolkit to End Violence Against Women, OVW, 2004. NCJ 206041.

http://www.ncjrs.gov/

Meeting the Needs of Underserved Victims Video and Guidebook, OVC, 2005. NCJ 195656.

http://www.ncjrs.gov/

 

Phone numbers for information:

Further information on rape crisis information, incest abuse, hotlines or counseling: RAINN 1.800.656.HOPE (4673)

For medical information call the Santa Monica-UCLA Medical Center at 1-800-END-RAPE (1-800-363-7273) or (310) 319-4000

For information on therapy (rape trauma syndrome, DID, OCD or self injury) call the NMHA at 1.800.969.6642, the APA at 1.800.964.2000 or (for the UK) 0845.766.0163

 

Other Resources

Services provided to victims of sexual assault and rape

http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/help/rape.htm

 

National Registry of Sex Offenders

http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cid/cac/states.htm

 

Criminal Justice Reference Center

www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc

 

World Criminal Justice Library Network

http://www.andromeda.rutgers.edu/%7Ewcjlen/WCJ/

A site dedicated to developing specific ways of sharing services and criminal justice information on a global scale. The World Criminal Justice Library Network was formed at a meeting of librarians and criminal justice information specialists in April, 1991, at the Rutgers School of Criminal Justice. There is also a discussion list.

 

National Archive of Criminal Justice Data

http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/NACJD/

The National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD) preserves and distributes computerized crime and justice data from Federal agencies, state agencies, and investigator initiated research projects to users for secondary statistical analysis. Search terms: victimization, National Crime Victimization Survey. This site has some very interesting information and articles.

 

Office for Victims of Crime Criminal Justice Library

http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/ovcres/welcome.html

The Office for Victims of Crime Resource Center (OVCRC) is your information clearinghouse for emerging victim issues. This site has a database of abstracts as well as victim services directory.

 

Violence against women publications

http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/vawprog/pubs.html

Research reports on violence against women from the National Institute of Justice.

 

American Bar Association legal research page

http://www.abanet.org/tech/ltrc/lawlink/home.html

Lawlink provides quick access to important legal information from the American Bar Association and other resources. Each site is selected and evaluated by a member of the ABA's Legal Technology Resource Center staff.

 

Sidran Catalog by Subject

http://www.sidran.org/topic.html

Books, videos and cassettes on psychology and understanding trauma.

 

Supreme Court decisions 1990 - present, from LLI

http://straylight.law.cornell.edu/supct/search.html

Under archive of decisions select "by topic" 1990- present. Click the criminal law link and then add the search term "sexual assault" in the text box.

 

Criminal justice responses to sexual assault from Australia

http://www.aic.gov.au/research/projects/0055.html

This project involves the collection and analysis of information on the underreporting and 'hidden' recording of sexual assault within national and cross-national perspectives; promotion and implementation of research on sexual assault against women; and the identification of the rate of recidivism amongst sexual assault offenders and their key characteristics. The project is funded by the Office for Women (previously the Office of the Status of Women).

 

National Center for Injury Prevention and Control

http://webappa.cdc.gov/sasweb/ncipc/nfirates2001.html

Sexual Assault injuries (nonfatal) in the US per 100,000 people totaled 73,834 for 2003. Of these 67,085 were women and 6,749 were men. 10,259 for every 100,000 women died as a result of violence in the US in 2002 while 39,418 males died as a result of general violence in 2002.

This database allows you to find the number of injuries or deaths per year by cause or intent. It also allows you to limit the criteria in a variety of ways for each search.

 

Leading cause of injury to women in 2003 by age group (includes sexual assault)

 

Statistics from the FBI - uniform crime reporting

http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/ucr.htm

 

Find statistics on rape at the Bureau of Justice web site- Reporting to Police and Medical Attention

http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/rsarp00.htm

 

Gender-based violence in disaster

http://w3.whosea.org/EN/Section13/Section390_8280.htm

 

Open directory project for Law Enforcement: Training

http://dmoz.org/Society/Law/Law_Enforcement/Training/

 

articles:

Daane, Diane M. (1991). Rape intervention. In: Crisis intervention in criminal justice/social service. Hendricks, James E.; Springfield, IL, England: Charles C Thomas, Publisher. pp. 147-177. [Original Chapter]

(from the chapter) rape crisis interveners can be anyone who has contact with a rape victim immediately after the rape / typical interveners in rape cases include police officers, ambulance attendants, nurses, physicians, hospital chaplains, and social workers / the intervener must understand the typical responses of victims and their families to the rape crisis / the intervener must also know how to provide information and support to help the victim draw upon her own coping skills for bringing about a recovery definition of rape / myths / victim reaction to rape / crisis intervention with the rape victim / family and mate response and intervention / reporting rape to the police / the rape victim and the criminal justice system (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2005 APA, all rights reserved)

 

Victim advocacy

Online Handbook

Advocating for Women in the Criminal Justice System

in Cases of Rape, Domestic Violence and Child Abuse

http://www.justicewomen.com/handbook/index.html

 

Other topics of interest:

Training manuals

 

 

Search terms

police and rape victims, police treatment of rape victims, law enforcement and rape victims, law enforcement and rape survivors, police and rape survivors, reporting rape to police, reporting rape to law enforcement

References

National Victim Center (1993). Looking back, moving forward: A guidebook for communities responding to sexual assault. Washington, DC: Sponsored by the Office for Victims of Crime, U.S. Department of Justice.

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