Linux man pages (HTML) - man1: User programs

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4

411toppm - convert Sony Mavica .411 image to PPM

A

a2p - Awk to Perl translator
a2ps - format files for printing on a PostScript printer
ac - print statistics about users' connect time
access - determine whether a file can be accessed
addftinfo - add information to troff font files for use with groff
addr2line - convert addresses into file names and line numbers
afm2tfm - convert Adobe font metrics to TeX font metrics
afmtodit - create font files for use with groff -Tps
ainfo - display array information
akill - terminate a process or array session
alevtd - webserver for videotext pages
ali - list mail aliases
alias bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
alien - Convert or install an alien binary package
allcm - force the most important Computer-Modern-fonts to be calculated
allneeded - force the calculation of all fonts now needed
amstex - structured text formatting and typesetting
analyze.pl - a Perl script to reduce profile samples and produce the profile output
anno - annotate messages
answer - phone message transcription system
antlr - ANother Tool for Language Recognition
anytopnm - convert an arbitrary type of image file to PBM, PGM, or PPM
apacheconf - Apache configuration utility
apropos - search the whatis database for strings
ar - create, modify, and extract from archives
arch - print machine architecture
array - execute an array command
arshell - remote shell for arrays
as - the portable GNU assembler
ascheck - validate the array services configuration
asciitopgm - convert ASCII graphics into a portable graymap
ascii-xfr - upload/download files using the ASCII protocol
ash sh [-/+aCefnuvxIimqsVEbc] [-o longname] [target ...]
asn1parse - ASN.1 parsing tool
at - queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution
atktopbm - convert Andrew Toolkit raster object to portable bitmap
attr - extended attributes on XFS filesystem objects
audiocompose - Compose an audio fragment for inclusion in a mail message
audiosend - Send an audio email message
aumix aumix [-<channel option>[[+|-][<amount>]]|<lev­ el>|R[ecord]|P[lay]|q[uery]] [-dhILqS] [-f <rc file>][-C <color scheme file>]
autoexpect - generate an Expect script from watching a session
autorun - automatically mounts/unmounts CDROMs and exe­ cutes /path/to/cdrom/autorun after mounting
autovbox - isdn voice box (sound converter)

B

balsa - the GNOME email client
basename - strip directory and suffix from filenames
bash - GNU Bourne-Again SHell
bashbug - report a bug in bash
bc - An arbitrary precision calculator language
bg bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
bibtex - make a bibliography for (La)TeX
biff biff [ny]
bind bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
binhex - Hexifies a series of files
bioradtopgm - convert a Biorad confocal file into a portable graymap
bison - GNU Project parser generator (yacc replacement)
bitter -- code-generators for packing bits
bmptoppm - convert a BMP file into a portable pixmap
break bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
brushtopbm - convert a doodle brush file into a portable bitmap
builtin bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
builtins bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
bunzip2 - a block-sorting file compressor, v1.0 bzcat - decompresses files to stdout bzip2recover - recovers data from damaged bzip2 files
burst - explode digests into messages
busybox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux
bzcat - a block-sorting file compressor, v1.0 bzcat - decompresses files to stdout bzip2recover - recovers data from damaged bzip2 files
bzip2 - a block-sorting file compressor, v1.0 bzcat - decompresses files to stdout bzip2recover - recovers data from damaged bzip2 files
bzip2recover - a block-sorting file compressor, v1.0 bzcat - decompresses files to stdout bzip2recover - recovers data from damaged bzip2 files

C

c2lout - convert C and C++ source code into Lout
c2ph - Dump C structures as generated from `cc -g -S' stabs
c3270 - curses-based IBM host access tool
ca - sample minimal CA application
cal cal [-mjy13] [[month] year]
cancel - send cancel requests to an LPRng print service
CA.pl - friendlier interface for OpenSSL certificate programs
captoinfo - convert a termcap description into a terminfo description
card - print reference card of program options
case bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output
catod - To convert the text format of a dictionary to binary format
catof - To convert the text format of grammatical rules into binary format
cd bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
cdbdump -- output the keys and values of a constant database
cdbget -- look up a key in a constant database
cdbmake -- create a constant database from scratch
cdbstats -- output a summary of a constant database
cdbtest -- run test routines on a constant database
cdda2wav - a sampling utility that dumps CD audio data into wav sound files
c++decl - Compose C and C++ type declarations
cdecl - Compose C and C++ type declarations
cdicsort - To sort the text format dictionary
cdlabelgen - generates frontcards and traycards for CDs
cdp -- an interactive text-mode program for controlling and playing audio CD Roms under Linux
cdparanoia - an audio CD reading utility which includes extra data verification features
cdrdao - writes audio CD-Rs in disc-at-once mode
cdrecord - record audio or data Compact Discs from a mas­ ter
cdtoa - To convert the binary format of a dictionary back to text format
cervisia - Graphical CVS frontend
cfgmaker - Creates mrtg.cfg files (for mrtg-2.9.6)
c++filt - Demangle C++ and Java symbols
chacl - change the access control list of a file or direc­ tory
chage - change user password expiry information
charset - Set an ACM for use in one of the G0/G1 charset slots
chatr - Program to change program stack and data segments to executable state
chattr - change file attributes on a Linux second extended file system
checkalias - check to see if an alias is defined
chfn - change your finger information
chgrp - change group ownership
chkhelp
chmod - change file access permissions
chown - change file owner and group
chroot - run command or interactive shell with special root directory
chsh - change your login shell
chvt - change foreground virtual terminal
ci - check in RCS revisions
ciphers - SSL cipher display and cipher list tool
cjpeg - compress an image file to a JPEG file
ckpasswd - nnrpd password authenticator
cksum - checksum and count the bytes in a file
clear - clear the terminal screen
cmp cmp [-l | -s] file1 file2 [skip1 [skip2]]
cmuwmtopbm - convert a CMU window manager bitmap into a portable bitmap
co - check out RCS revisions
col col [-bfpx] [-l num]
colcrt colcrt [-] [-2] [file ...]
colrm colrm [startcol [endcol]]
column column [-tx] [-c columns] [-s sep] [file ...]
comm - compare two sorted files line by line
command bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
comp - compose a message
compile_et - error table compiler
compress - compress and expand data (version 4.1)
consoletype - print type of the console connected to stan­ dard input
continue bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
contrib - Contribution Guidelines for MRTG
convdate - convert time/date strings and numbers
coverpg - create a fax coverpg on stdout
cp - copy files and directories
cpio - copy files to and from archives
cpp - The C Preprocessor
cproto - generate C function prototypes and convert func­ tion definitions
cpuset - define and manage a set of CPUs
createdb - Create a new Postgres database
createlang - Add a new programming language to a Postgres database
createuser - Create a new Postgres user
crl - CRL utility
crl2pkcs7 - Create a PKCS#7 structure from a CRL and certificates
crontab - maintain crontab files for individual users (V3)
csacom - searches and prints the Comprehensive System Accounting (CSA) process accounting files
cserver - To start the Chinese server
csplit - split a file into sections determined by context lines
ctags - Generate tag files for source code
cu - Call up another system
curl - get a URL with FTP, TELNET, LDAP, GOPHER, DICT, FILE, HTTP or HTTPS syntax
curl-config - Get information about a libcurl installation
cut - remove sections from each line of files
cuum - To start the front-end processor
cvs - Concurrent Versions System
cvs2pack - Creates standalone dist tarballs for apps in KDE CVS
cvschanged -- Lists all files in checked out CVS modules that have been edited or changed locally. No connection is required to the CVS server
cvsversion argument
cwddel - To delete characters/words from the binary format dictionary
cwdreg - To register characters/words into the binary for­ mat dictionary
cwnnkill - To terminate the cserver
cwnnstat - To show the current status of cserver

D

date - print or set the system date and time
dbimon - interactive shell with readline for DBI
dbiproxy - A proxy server for the DBD::Proxy driver
dbish - Interactive command shell for the Perl DBI
dbmmanage - Create and update user authentication files in DBM format
dbpmda
dc - an arbitrary precision calculator
dd - convert and copy a file
ddate - converts Gregorian dates to Discordian dates
ddd - The Data Display Debugger
deallocvt - deallocate unused virtual terminals
declare bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
df - report filesystem disk space usage
dgst - message digests
dhparam - DH parameter manipulation and generation
dia - a diagram drawing program
dialog - display dialog boxes from shell scripts
diff - find differences between two files
diff3 - find differences between three files
diffpp - pretty-print diff outputs with GNU enscript
diffstat - make histogram from diff-output
dig dig [@server] domain [<query-type>] [<query-class>] [+<query-option>] [-<dig-option>] [%comment]
dir - list directory contents
dircolors - color setup for ls
dirname - strip non-directory suffix from file name
dirs bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
dislocate - disconnect and reconnect processes
disown bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
dist - redistribute a message to additional addresses
djpeg - decompress a JPEG file to an image file
dlg - DFA Lexical Analyzer Generator
dlltool - Create files needed to build and use DLLs
dlook - a tool for showing process memory maps & cpu usage
dlpsh - command shell for executing DLP commands to a USR Pilot
dmp - translate Troff output to low-level MetaPost input
dnsdomainname - show or set the system's host name domainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name dnsdomainname - show the system's DNS domain name nisdomainname - show or set system's NIS/YP domain name ypdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name
docbook2man-spec.pl - convert DocBook RefEntries to man pages
docbook2texi-spec.pl - convert DocBook Booksto Texinfo documents
doexec - run an executable with an arbitrary argv[0]
domainname - show or set the system's host name domainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name dnsdomainname - show the system's DNS domain name nisdomainname - show or set system's NIS/YP domain name ypdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name
dos2unix - DOS/MAC to UNIX text file format converter
dplace
dprofpp - display perl profile data
dropdb - Remove an existing Postgres database
droplang - Remove a programming language from a Postgres database
dropuser - Drops (removes) a Postgres user
dsa - DSA key processing
dsaparam - DSA parameter manipulation and generation
du - estimate file space usage
dumpkeys - dump keyboard translation tables
dump-mixers dump-mixers
dvicopy - produce modified copy of DVI file
dvilj - convert a TeX DVI file to PCL, for HP LaserJet printers
dvipdf - Convert TeX DVI file to PDF using ghostscript and dvips
dvips - convert a TeX DVI file to PostScript
dvired - print dvi-files
dvitype - translate a dvi file for humans

E

echo - display a line of text
ecpg - Embedded SQL C preprocessor
ed - text editor
editcap - Edit and/or translate the format of capture files
efax - send/receive faxes with Class 1, 2 or 2.0 fax modem (Please read the fax man page first.)
efix - convert between fax, text, bit-map and gray-scale formats
egrep - print lines matching a pattern
eject - eject removable media
elm - an interactive mail system
elmalias - expand and display Elm address aliases
emacs - GNU project Emacs
enable bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
enc - symmetric cipher routines
enlightenment - The Window Manager that dares to do what others don't
enscript - convert text files to PostScript
env - run a program in a modified environment
eplain - extended plain TeX
eps2eps - Ghostscript Encapsulated PostScript "distiller"
epsffit - fit encapsulated PostScript file (EPSF) into constrained size
eqn - format equations for troff
escputil - maintain Epson Stylus inkjet printers
etags - generate tag file for Emacs, vi
etex - extended TeX
ethereal - Interactively browse network traffic
eval bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
exec bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
exit bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
exmh - An introduction to the exmh mail user interface
expand - convert tabs to spaces
expect - programmed dialogue with interactive programs, Version 5
expectk - Expect with Tk support
export bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
expr - evaluate expressions
extcompose - Compose a reference to external data for inclusion in a mail message
extractres - filter to extract resources from a PostScript document
eyuvtoppm - convert a Berkeley YUV file to a portable pixmap (ppm) file

F

factor - factor numbers
false - do nothing, unsuccessfully
fam - file alteration monitor
faq - How to get help if you have problems with MRTG
fastmail - quick batch mail interface to a single address
fastrm - Quickly remove a list of files
fax - make, send, receive, view or print a fax
fax2ps - convert a TIFF facsimile to compressed POSTSCRIPT
fax2tiff - create a TIFF Class F fax file from raw fax data
faxq - display fax jobs queued by faxspool(1)
faxrm - remove fax jobs queued by faxspool(1)
faxrunq - send fax jobs queued by faxspool(1)
faxspool - queue and convert files for faxing with send­ fax(8)
fbtv - a console program for watching TV
fc bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
fetchmail - fetch mail from a POP, IMAP, ETRN, or ODMR- capable server
fetchmailconf - fetch mail from a POP, IMAP, ETRN, or ODMR- capable server
fg bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
fgconsole - print the number of the active VT
fgrep - print lines matching a pattern
fiascotopnm - Convert compressed FIASCO image to PGM, or PPM
file - determine file type
find - search for files in a directory hierarchy
find2perl - translate find command lines to Perl code
finger finger [-lmsp] [user ...] [user@host ...]
fitstopnm - convert a FITS file into a portable anymap
fixdlsrps - filter to fix DviLaser/PS documents to work with PSUtils
fixfmps - filter to fix Framemaker documents so PSUtils work
fixmacps - filter to fix Macintosh documents with saner version of md
fixps - sanitize PostScript files
fixpsditps - filter to fix Transcript psdit documents so PSUtils work
fixpspps - filter to fix PSPrint PostScript so PSUtils work
fixscribeps - filter to fix Scribe documents so PSUtils work
fixtpps - filter to fix Tpscript documents to work with PSUtils
fixwfwps - filter to fix Word for Windows documents so PSUtils work
fixwpps - filter to fix WP documents so PSUtils work
fixwwps - filter to fix Windows Write documents so PSUtils work
flex - fast lexical analyzer generator
flist - list the number of messages in given sequence(s)
fmt - simple optimal text formatter
fold - wrap each input line to fit in specified width
folder - set/list current folder/message
font2c - Write PostScript Type 0 or Type 1 font as C code
fontexport - export fonts from the teTeX directory struc­ ture
fontimport - import fonts into the teTeX directory struc­ ture
for bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
formail - mail (re)formatter
forum - Interactive Help for MRTG users
forw - forward messages
free - Display amount of free and used memory in the sys­ tem
frm - list from and subject of selected messages in mailbox or folder
frommac - Receive files from the Macintosh
fstopgm - convert a Usenix FaceSaver(tm) file into a portable graymap
ftp ftp [-pinegvd] [host] pftp [-inegvd] [host]
ftpcopy - mirror or copy files from a FTP server
ftpcount - show current number of users for each class
ftpcp - copy files from a FTP server to the local machine
ftpls
ftpwho - show current process information for each ftp user
funzip - filter for extracting from a ZIP archive in a pipe
fuser - identify processes using files or sockets
fwhois - query a whois or nicname database

G

g++ - GNU project C++ Compiler
g32pbm - convert a Group 3 fax file into a portable bitmap
g3cat - concatenate multiple g3 documents
g3topbm - convert a Group 3 fax file into a portable bitmap
g77 - GNU project Fortran Compiler (v0.5.24)
gaim - Instant Messaging client
gawk - pattern scanning and processing language
gcc - GNU project C and C++ Compiler (gcc-2.96)
gcd - A gtk-based cd-player and cd-ripper. gcd - A gtk-based cd-player (used as part of grip, or alone)
gdb - The GNU Debugger
gedit - simple text editor for Gnome
gemtopnm - convert a GEM .img file into a portable anymap
gendiff - utility to aid in error-free diff file genera­ tion
gendsa - generate a DSA private key from a set of parameters
genrsa - generate an RSA private key
getafm - create an AFM file for a PostScript font
getent - get entries from administrative database
getfacl - get file access control lists
getfattr - get extended attributes of filesystem objects
getfilename - Ask the user to name a file in a given for­ mat
geticonset - gets the current Window Maker iconset
getlist - get a list from an NNTP server
getopt - parse command options (enhanced)
getopts bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
getstyle - dumps the current Window Maker style related configuration or creates a theme pack
gftodvi - make proof sheets from generic font files
gftopk - convert generic font files to packed font files
gftp - a graphical ftp client
gftype - translate a generic font file for humans to read
gif2tiff - create a TIFF file from a GIF87 format image file
giftopnm - convert a GIF file into a portable anymap
giftrans - transform gif from gif87 to gif89, making one color transparent
gimp - an image manipulation and paint program
gimptool - script to perform various Gimpy functions
gkermit - G-Kermit (GNU Kermit) 1.00 file transfer soft­ ware
gkrellm - The GNU Krell Monitors
glib-config - script to get information about the installed version of GLib
gnc-prices - update stock prices from online sources for gnucash
gnomexmms - a XMMS control applet
gnucash - personal finance manager
gnuplot - an interactive plotting program
gouldtoppm - convert Gould scanner file into a portable pixmap
gpasswd - administer the /etc/group file
gperf - generate a perfect hash function from a key set
gpg -- encryption and signing tool
gpgv -- signature verification tool
gphoto - GNU Project Digital Camera Program
gpm-root - a default handler for gpm, used to draw menus on the root window
gprof - display call graph profile data
grep - print lines matching a pattern
grephistory - display file names from Usenet history file
grip - A gtk-based cd-player and cd-ripper. gcd - A gtk-based cd-player (used as part of grip, or alone)
grn - groff preprocessor for gremlin files
grodvi - convert groff output to TeX dvi format
groff - front end for the groff document formatting system
grog - guess options for groff command
grohtml - html driver for groff
grolbp - groff driver for Canon CAPSL printers (LBP-4 and LBP-8 series laser printers)
grolj4 - groff driver for HP Laserjet 4 family
grops - PostScript driver for groff
grotty - groff driver for typewriter-like devices
groups - print the groups a user is in
gs - Ghostscript (PostScript and PDF language interpreter and previewer)
gsftopk - render a ghostscript font in TeX pk format
gslp - Format and print text using ghostscript gsbj - Format and print text for BubbleJet printer using ghostscript gsdj - Format and print text for DeskJet printer using ghostscript
gsnd - Run ghostscript (PostScript and PDF engine) without display
gtk-config - script to get information about the installed version of GTK+
gtv - MPEG audio (MP3) and video (MPEG-1) player with GTK+ GUI
gunzip - compress or expand files
gzexe - compress executable files in place
gzip - compress or expand files

H

h2ph - convert .h C header files to .ph Perl header files
h2xs - convert .h C header files to Perl extensions
hash bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
hboot - Start LAM on the local node
hcc - Compile LAM C/C++ programs
hcp - Compile LAM C/C++ programs
head - output the first part of files
help bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
hexbin - Macintosh file de-binhexer
hexdump hexdump [-bcdovx] [-e format_string] [-f format_file] [-n length] [-s skip] file
hexedit - view and edit files in hexadecimal or in ASCII
hf77 - Compile LAM FORTRAN programs
hinv - hardware inventory command for Altix 3000
hipstopgm - convert a HIPS file into a portable graymap
history bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
host host [-aCdlnrTwv] [-c class] [-N ndots] [-R number] [-t type] [-W wait] name [server]
hostid - print the numeric identifier for the current host
hostname - show or set the system's host name domainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name dnsdomainname - show the system's DNS domain name nisdomainname - show or set system's NIS/YP domain name ypdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name
hpcdtoppm - convert a Photo-CD file into a portable bitmap file
hpftodit - create font description files for use with groff -Tlj4
htdigest - Create and update user authentication files
htpasswd - Create and update user authentication files

I

ibm_hosts - host database for x3270 and c3270
ibod - ISDN MPPP bandwidth on demand daemon
ical - An X based Calendar Program
icontopbm - convert a Sun icon into a portable bitmap
iconv - Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
id - print real and effective UIDs and GIDs
ident - identify RCS keyword strings in files
ietf2datebook - Converts IETF agenda format to install- datebook format
if bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
igawk - gawk with include files
ilbmtoppm - convert an ILBM file into a portable pixmap
imgtoppm - convert an Img-whatnot file into a portable pixmap
inc - incorporate new mail
includeres - filter to include resources in a PostScript document
indent - changes the appearance of a C program by insert­ ing or deleting whitespace
indexmaker - Creates index files for mrtg web sites (mrtg-2.9.6)
indxbib - make inverted index for bibliographic databases
inews - send a Usenet article to the local news server for distribution
info - read Info documents
infocmp - compare or print out terminfo descriptions
infotocap - convert a terminfo description into a termcap description
initdb - Create a new Postgres database cluster
initlocation - Create a secondary Postgres database stor­ age area
initlog - log messages and events to the system logger
innconfval - get an InterNetNews configuration parameter
innfeed - multi-host, multi-connection, streaming NNTP feeder
innmail - Simple mail-sending program
install - copy files and set attributes
install-datebook - installs a new datebook entries in a USR Pilot
install-hinote - installs a new Hi-Note in a USR Pilot
install-info - update info/dir entries
install-memo - installs a new memo in a USR Pilot
install-user - reads or installs a User Name in a USR Pilot
intro - Introduction to user commands
introu - introduction to LAM user interface commands
iostat - Report Central Processing Unit (CPU) statistics and input/output statistics for devices and partitions
ipcalc - perform simple manipulation of IP addresses
ipcclean - Clean up shared memory and semaphores from aborted backends
ircbug - send problem report (PR) to a central support site
ircII - interface to the Internet Relay Chat system
isag - Interactive System Activity Grapher
isamchk - Description, check and repair of ISAM tables. Used without options all tables on the command will be checked for errors
isamlog - Write info about whats in a nisam log file
isdnconf - manipulate or read ISDN phone number config files
isdnrate - Print telefon rates and various info from rate-files(5)
isdnrep - report isdn activity

J

ja - starts and stops user job accounting information
jed - programmers editor
jikes - java source to bytecode compiler
jkill - send signal to a job
jobs bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
joe - Joe's Own Editor
join - join lines of two files on a common field
jpegtopnm - convert JPEG/JFIF file to portable pixmap or graymap
jpegtran - lossless transformation of JPEG files
jsattach - attach a serial line to a joystick device
jscal - joystick calibration program
jstat - displays job status information
jstest - joystick test program
jw - (Jade Wrapper) converts SGML files to other formats
jwait - await completion of a job

K

kbd_mode - report or set the keyboard mode
kde-build - Updates and recompiles a tree of KDE CVS modules
kdoc -- Programmers' Documentation Extraction and Genera­ tion Tool
kernelversion - program to report major version of kernel
kibitz - allow two people to interact with one shell
kill - terminate a process
killall - kill processes by name
kpsestat - compute octal mode from mode of existing file
kpsewhich - standalone path lookup and and expansion for kpathsea
ksh - Public domain Korn shell

L

lamboot - Start a LAM multicomputer
lamclean - Attempt to clean entire LAM system
lamexec - Run non-MPI programs on LAM nodes
lamgrow - Extend a LAM multicomputer
lamshrink - Shrink a LAM multicomputer
lamtrace - Unload LAM trace data
last - show listing of last logged in users
lastb - show listing of last logged in users
lastcomm - print out information about previously exe­ cuted commands
latex - structured text format­ ting and typesetting
lcrash - linux crash dump analyzer
ld - Using LD, the GNU linker
ldapadd - LDAP modify entry and LDAP add entry tools
ldapdelete - LDAP delete entry tool
ldapmodify - LDAP modify entry and LDAP add entry tools
ldapmodrdn - LDAP rename entry tool
ldappasswd - change the password of an LDAP entry
ldapsearch - LDAP search tool
ldd - print shared library dependencies
leaftoppm - convert Interleaf image format to PPM image
less - opposite of more
lesskey - specify key bindings for less
let bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
lftp - Sophisticated file transfer program
libmikmod-config - script to get information about the installed version of libmikmod
lispmtopgm - convert a Lisp Machine bitmap file into pgm format
listalias - list user and system aliases
lkbib - search bibliographic databases
lkcd_config - configure system dumping parameters
lkcd_ksyms - list symbols from linux crash dump files in /proc/ksyms format
ln - make links between files
loaderinfo - report SCSI tape device info
loadkeys - load keyboard translation tables
local bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
locale - Get locale-specific information
localedef - compile locale definition files
lockfile - conditional semaphore-file creator
logfile - description of the mrtg-2 logfile format
logger logger [-isd] [-f file] [-p pri] [-t tag] [-u socket] [message ...]
login - sign on
logname - print user´s login name
logout bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
look look [-dfa] [-t termchar] string [file]
lookbib - search bibliographic databases
lout - prepare Lout document for printing
lp - send requests to an LPRng print service
lpbanner - text banner pclbanner - pcl format banner psbanner - PostScript format banner
lpf - general printer filter
lpq - spool queue examination program
lpr - off line print
lprm - remove jobs from the line printer spooling queue
lpstat - print information about the status of the LP print service
ls - list directory contents
lsattr - list file attributes on a Linux second extended file system
lv lv: a Powerful Multilingual File Viewer
lwp-download - fetch large files from the net
lwp-mirror - Simple mirror utility for WWW
lwp-request - Simple WWW user agent
lwp-rget - Retrieve WWW documents recursively
lynx - a general purpose distributed information browser for the World Wide Web

M

macptopbm - convert a MacPaint file into a portable bitmap
macsave - Save Mac files read from standard input
macstream - Convert a series of files to a MacBinary stream
macunpack - Macintosh file de-archiver
macutil - A package that deals with MacIntosh files on a Unix system
mag - computes fontsizes and magsteps
mail mail [-iInv] [-s subject] [-c cc-addr] [-b bcc-addr] to-addr... mail [-iInNv] -f [name] mail [-iInNv] [-u user]
mailq - print the mail queue
mailto - Simple mutlimedia mail sending program
mailto-hebrew - Run the mailto program to send Hebrew/English mail
make - GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs
makeindex - a general purpose, formatter-independent index processor
makeinfo - translate Texinfo documents
makekdedoc -- Generates HTML documentation for KDE libraries using KDOC
makemap.pl - Perl script to make a program map suitable for profiling
makempx - typeset labels in MetaPost pictures with TeX or Troff
make_smbcodepage - construct a codepage file for Samba
man - format and display the on-line manual pages manpath - determine user's search path for man pages
man2html - format a manual page in html
mark - manipulate message sequences
mattrib - change MSDOS file attribute flags
mawk - pattern scanning and text processing language
mbadblocks - tests a floppy disk, and marks the bad blocks in the FAT
mc - Visual shell for Unix-like systems
mcat - dump raw disk image
mcd - change MSDOS directory
mcedit - Full featured terminal text editor for Unix-like systems
mcookie - generate magic cookies for xauth
mcopy - copy MSDOS files to/from Unix
md5sum - compute and check MD5 message digest
mdatopbm - convert a Microdesign .mda or .mdp file into a portable bitmap
mdel - delete an MSDOS file mdeltree - recursively delete an MSDOS directory and its contents
mdeltree - recursively delete an MSDOS directory and its contents
mdir - display an MSDOS directory
mdu - display the amount of space occupied by an MSDOS directory
merge - three-way file merge
mesg - control write access to your terminal
messages - quick count of messages in mailbox or folder
metamail - infrastructure for mailcap-based multimedia mail handling
metasend - Crude interface for sending non-text mail
mev - a program to report mouse events
mf - Metafont, a language for font and logo design
mformat - add an MSDOS filesystem to a low-level formatted floppy disk
mft - translate Metafont code to TeX code for prettyprint­ ing
mgetty_fax - fax sending and receiving with mgetty+sendfax
mgrtopbm - convert a MGR bitmap into a portable bitmap
mhbuild - translate MIME composition draft
mh-chart - Chart of nmh Commands
mhl - produce formatted listings of nmh messages
mhlist - list information about MIME messages
mhmail - send or read mail
mhn - display/list/store/cache MIME messages
mhparam - print nmh profile components
mhpath - print full pathnames of nmh messages and folders
mhshow - display MIME messages
mhstore - store contents of MIME messages into files
mibhelp - A Table of some interesting OIDs
micq - a small, text mode ICQ client
mikmod - play soundtracker etc. modules on a Unix machine
mime - Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
mimencode - Translate to and from mail-oriented encoding formats (Same program also installed as "mmencode".)
minfo - print the parameters of a MSDOS filesystem
minicom - friendly serial communication program
mkaf
mkdep mkdep [-ap] [-f file] [flags] file [...]
mkdir - make directories
mkfifo - make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkmanifest - makes list of file names and their DOS 8+3 equivalent
mknod - make block or character special files
mkpasswd - generate new password, optionally apply it to a user
mktemp mktemp [-d] [-q] [-u] template
mktexlsr - create ls-R databases
mktexmf - create a Metafont source file
mktexpk - create a PK file for a font
mktextfm - create a TFM file for a font
mlabel - make an MSDOS volume label
mm-config - MM library configuration/build utility
mmd - make an MSDOS subdirectory
mmencode - Translate to and from mail-oriented encoding formats (Same program also installed as "mmencode".)
mmount - mount an MSDOS disk
mmove - move or rename an MSDOS file or subdirectory
moc - generate Qt meta object support code
monitor - receive logging information from LPD
more more [-dlfpcsu] [-num] [+/ pattern] [+ linenum] [file ...]
mpage - print multiple pages per sheet on PostScript printer
mpartition - partition an MSDOS hard disk
mpg321 -- Free clone of mpg123, a command-line mp3 player
MPI - Introduction to the Message Passing Interface (MPI)
mpi - Introduction to the Message Passing Interface (MPI)
mpiCC - Compile LAM C/C++ programs
mpicc - Compile LAM C/C++ programs
mpif77 - Compile LAM FORTRAN programs
mpimsg - Monitor MPI message buffers under LAM
mpirun - Runs MPI programs
mpitask - Monitor MPI processes under LAM
mpost - MetaPost, a system for drawing pictures
mpstat - Report processors related statistics
mpto - extract labels in MetaPost pictures for typesetting
mrd - remove an MSDOS subdirectory
mren - rename an existing MSDOS file
mrtg - What is MRTG
mrtg-rrd - How to use RRDtool with MRTG
msgchk - check for messages
msh - nmh shell (and BBoard reader)
mshowfat - shows FAT clusters allocated to file
mt - control magnetic tape drive operation
mtools - utilities to access DOS disks in Unix
mtoolstest - tests and displays the configuration
mtvtoppm - convert output from the MTV or PRT ray tracers into a portable pixmap
mtx - control SCSI media changer devices
mtype - display contents of an MSDOS file
mutt - The Mutt Mail User Agent
mv - move (rename) files
mysql - text-based client for mysqld, a SQL-based rela­ tional database daemon
mysqlaccess - Create new users to mysql
mysqladmin - A utility for performing administrative operations
mysqld - Starts the MySQL server demon
mysqld_multi - is meant for managing several mysqld pro­ cesses running in different UNIX sockets and TCP/IP ports
mysqldump - text-based client for dumping or backing up mysql databases , tables and or data
mysqlshow - Shows the structure of a mysql database (databases,tables and columns)
mysql_zap - a perl script used to kill processes
mzip - change protection mode and eject disk on Zip/Jaz drive

N

namei - follow a pathname until a terminal point is found
nasm - the Netwide Assembler - portable 80x86 assembler
nc nc [-e command] [-g intermediates] [-G hopcount] [-i interval] [-lnrtuvz] [-o filename] [-p source port] [-s ip address] [-w timeout] [hostname] [port[s...]]
ncftp - Browser program for the File Transfer Protocol
ncftpbatch - Batch FTP job processor daemon
ncftpget - Internet file transfer program for scripts
ncftpls - Internet file transfer program for scripts
ncftpput - Internet file transfer program for scripts
ncopy - NetWare file copy
ndisasm - the Netwide Disassembler - 80x86 binary file disassembler
neqn - format equations for ascii output
netpbm - package of graphics manipulation programs and libraries Netpbm is a package of graphics programs and programming libraries
netreport - request notification of network interface changes
newalias - install new elm aliases for user and/or system
newaliases - rebuild the data base for the mail aliases file
newer - compare file modification times
newgrp - log in to a new group
newhelp
newmail - programs to asynchronously notify of new mail
nex - text editors
next - show the next message
nice - run a program with modified scheduling priority
nisdomainname - show or set the system's host name domainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name dnsdomainname - show the system's DNS domain name nisdomainname - show or set system's NIS/YP domain name ypdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name
njamdpm - Not Just Another Malloc Debugger Post-Mortem
nkf - Network Kanji code conversion Filter v1.9
nl - number lines of files
nlmconv - converts object code into an NLM
nm - list symbols from object files
nmap - Network exploration tool and security scanner
nmapfe - GTK+ graphical frontend to the Nmap Secu­ rity Scanner
nmblookup - NetBIOS over TCP/IP client used to lookup Net­ BIOS names
nmh - new MH message system
nntpget - get Usenet articles from a remote NNTP server
nohup - run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
noncvslist -- List all files in a checked out CVS module that are not known by the CVS server
nprint - NetWare print client
nroff - emulate nroff command with groff
nsend - Send messages to users or groups
nseq - create or examine a netscape certificate sequence
nt-guide - The Windows NT Guide to MRTG 2.9.5
ntsc-cc - closed caption decoder
nvi - text editors
nview - text editors
nwauth - Verify username/password
nwbols - List NetWare Bindery Objects
nwboprops - List properies of a NetWare Bindery Object
nwbpset - Create a bindery property or set its value
nwbpvalues - Print a NetWare Bindery Propery's contents
nwdir - Lists files in directory
nwfsinfo - Print some information about the file server
nwfstime - Display / Set a NetWare server's date and time
nwpasswd - Change a user's password
nwpurge - Permanently delete previously erased files
nwrights - Show effective rights for file or directory
nwsfind - Find a NetWare Server
nwtrustee - List an object's trustee directory assignments
nwuserlist - List Users logged in at a NetWare server
nwvolinfo - Diplay info on NetWare Volumes

O

objcopy - copy and translate object files
objdump - display information from object files
octave - A high-level interactive language for numerical computations
octave-bug - report a bug in GNU Octave
od - dump files in octal and other formats
ogg123 - plays Ogg Vorbis files
oggenc - encode audio into the Ogg Vorbis format
ogginfo - gives information about Ogg files
ogonkify - international support for PostScript
oldps - report process status
omega - extended unicode TeX
open - start a program on a new virtual terminal (VT)
openssl - OpenSSL command line tool
openvt - start a program on a new virtual terminal (VT)

P

p2c - Pascal to C translator, version 1.21alpha-07.Dec.93
packf - pack messages in nmh folder into a single file
pal2rgb - convert a palette color TIFF image to a full color image
palmtopnm - convert a Palm pixmap into a portable anymap
pamchannel - extract channels from a PAM image
pamcut - cut a rectangle out of a PAM, PBM, PGM, or PPM image
pamfile - describe a Netpbm (PAM or PNM) file
pamtopnm - convert PAM image to PBM, PGM, or PPM
parse
passmass - change password on multiple machines
passwd - update a user's authentication tokens(s)
paste - merge lines of files
patch - apply a diff file to an original
patch-metamail - Install a patch to the latest metamail release
patgen - generate patterns for TeX hyphenation
pathchk - check whether file names are valid or portable
pawd - print automounter working directory
pax pax [-cdnv] [-f archive] [-s replstr] ... [-U user] ... [-G group] ... [-T [from_date] [,to_date]] ... [pattern ...] pax -r [-cdiknuvDYZ] [-f archive] [-o options] ... [-p string] ... [-s replstr] ... [-E limit] [-U user] ... [-G group] ... [-T [from_date] [,to_date]] ... [pattern ...]
pbm2g3 - convert portable bitmaps (PBM) into G3 fax files
pbm2ppa - convert portable bitmap (PBM) to HP's Printing Performance Architecture (PPA) file format
pbmclean - flip isolated pixels in portable bitmap
pbmlife - apply Conway's rules of Life to a portable bitmap
pbmmake - create a blank bitmap of a specified size
pbmmask - create a mask bitmap from a regular bitmap
pbmpage - create a one page test pattern for printing
pbmpscale - enlarge a portable bitmap with edge smoothing
pbmreduce - read a portable bitmap and reduce it N times
pbmtext - render text into a bitmap
pbmto10x - convert a portable bitmap into Gemini 10X printer graphics
pbmto4425 - Display PBM images on an AT&T 4425 terminal
pbmtoascii - convert a portable bitmap into ASCII graphics
pbmtoatk - convert portable bitmap to Andrew Toolkit raster object
pbmtobbnbg - convert a portable bitmap into BitGraph graphics
pbmtocmuwm - convert a portable bitmap into a CMU window manager bitmap
pbmtoepsi - convert a portable bitmap into an encapsulated PostScript style preview bitmap
pbmtoepson - convert a portable bitmap into Epson printer graphics
pbmtog3 - convert a portable bitmap into a Group 3 fax file
pbmtogem - convert a portable bitmap into a GEM .img file
pbmtogo - convert a portable bitmap into compressed GraphOn graphics
pbmtoicon - convert a portable bitmap into a Sun icon
pbmtolj - convert a portable bitmap into HP LaserJet for­ mat
pbmtoln03 - convert protable bitmap to DEC LN03+ Sixel output
pbmtolps - convert portable bitmap to PostScript
pbmtomacp - convert a portable bitmap into a MacPaint file
pbmtomda - convert a portable bitmap to a Microdesign .mda
pbmtomgr - convert a portable bitmap into a MGR bitmap
pbmtopgm - convert portable bitmap to portable graymap by averaging areas
pbmtopi3 - convert a portable bitmap into an Atari Degas .pi3 file
pbmtopk - convert a portable bitmap into a packed (PK) format font
pbmtoplot - convert a portable bitmap into a Unix plot(5) file
pbmtoppa - convert PBM image to HP Printer Performance Architecture (PPA)
pbmtoptx - convert a portable bitmap into Printronix printer graphics
pbmtowbmp - convert a portable bitmap (pbm) to a wireless bitmap (wbmp) file
pbmtox10bm - convert a portable bitmap into an X10 bitmap
pbmtoxbm - convert a portable bitmap into an X11 bitmap
pbmtoybm - convert a portable bitmap into a Bennet Yee "face" file
pbmtozinc - convert a portable bitmap into a Zinc bitmap
pbmupc - create a Universal Product Code bitmap
pcdindex - create index image for a photo CD
pclbanner - text banner pclbanner - pcl format banner psbanner - PostScript format banner
pcp
PCPIntro
pcregrep - a grep with Perl-compatible regular expres­ sions
pcxtoppm - convert a PCX file into a portable pixmap
pdf2dsc - generate a PostScript page list of a PDF docu­ ment
pdf2ps - Ghostscript PDF to PostScript translator
pdfimages - Portable Document Format (PDF) image extractor (version 0.92)
pdfinfo - Portable Document Format (PDF) document informa­ tion extractor (version 0.92)
pdfopt - Ghostscript PDF Optimizer
pdftex - PDF output from TeX
pdftopbm - Portable Document Format (PDF) to Portable Bitmap (PBM) converter (version 0.92)
pdftops - Portable Document Format (PDF) to PostScript converter (version 0.92)
pdftotext - Portable Document Format (PDF) to text con­ verter (version 0.92)
pdiff - produce a pretty comparison between files
perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface
perlbook - Perl book information
perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
perlbug - how to submit bug reports on Perl
perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
perlcc - frontend for perl compiler
perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin
perldata - Perl data types
perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
perldebug - Perl debugging
perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in pod format
perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95
perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 20:38:02 $)
perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, $Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 20:37:49 $)
perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 18:37:57 $)
perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
perlfilter - Source Filters
perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
perlform - Perl formats
perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
perlhist - the Perl history records
perlhpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP- UX) systems
perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely inter­ nal Perl functions
perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)
perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
perlmachten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen systems
perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
perlobj - Perl objects
perlop - Perl operators and precedence
perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT
perlos390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
perlpod - plain old documentation
perlport - Writing portable Perl
perlre - Perl regular expressions
perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
perlsec - Perl security
perlstyle - Perl style guide
perlsub - Perl subroutines
perlsyn - Perl syntax
perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
perlvar - Perl predefined variables
perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
perlxs - XS language reference manual
perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
perror perror can be used to display a description for a system error code, or an MyISAM/ISAM table handler error code. The error messages are mostly system dependent
pf2afm - Make an AFM file from Postscript (PFB/PFA/PFM) font files using ghostscript
pfb2pfa - convert a type1 pfb file (binary MSDOS) into a pfa (ASCII)
pfbtopfa - Convert Postscript .pfb fonts to .pfa format using ghostscript
pfbtops - translate a PostScript font in .pfb format to ASCII
pfmon - user interface to IPF Performance Monitoring Unit
pgaccess - PostgreSQL graphical client
pg_ctl - Starts, stops, or restarts postmaster
pg_dump - Extract a Postgres database into a script file or other archive file
pg_dumpall - Extract all databases into a script file
pgmbentley - Bentleyize a portable graymap
pgmcrater - create cratered terrain by fractal forgery
pgmedge - edge-detect a portable graymap
pgmenhance - edge-enhance a portable graymap
pgmhist - print a histogram of the values in a portable graymap
pgmkernel - generate a convolution kernel
pgmnoise - create a graymap made up of white noise
pgmnorm - normalize the contrast in a portable graymap
pgmoil - turn a portable graymap into an oil painting
pgmramp - generate a grayscale ramp
pgmslice - extract one line of pixel values out of a portable graymap
pgmtexture - calculate textural features on a portable graymap
pgmtofs - convert portable graymap to Usenix FaceSaver(tm) format
pgmtolispm - convert a portable graymap into Lisp Machine format
pgmtopbm - convert a portable graymap into a portable bitmap
pgmtoppm - colorize a PGM (grayscale) image into a PGM (color) image
pg_passwd - Manipulate a text password file
pgrep - look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
pgtclsh - PostgreSQL Tcl shell client
pgtksh - PostgreSQL Tcl/Tk shell client
pi1toppm - convert an Atari Degas .pi1 into a portable pixmap
pi3topbm - convert an Atari Degas .pi3 file into a portable bitmap
pic - compile pictures for troff or TeX
pick - search for messages by content
pico - simple text editor in the style of the Pine Com­ poser
picttoppm - convert a Macintosh PICT file into a portable pixmap
pilot - simple file system browser in the style of the Pine Composer
pilot-xfer - backup and restore databases to and from a Palm Computing Device, Handspring Visor, TRGPro, or other Palm Compatible Handheld PDA
pine - a Program for Internet News and Email
pinfo - curses based lynx-style info browser
pinky - lightweight finger
pjtoppm - convert an HP PaintJet file to a portable pixmap
pk2bm - create a bitmap from a TeX pkfont
pkcs12 - PKCS#12 file utility
pkcs7 - PKCS#7 utility
pkcs8 - PKCS#8 format private key conversion tool
pkg-config - Return metainformation about installed libraries
pkill - look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
pktogf - convert packed font files to generic font files
pktopbm - convert packed (PK) format font into portable bitmap(s)
pktype - verify and translate a packed font bitmap file to plain text
pl2pm - Rough tool to translate Perl4 .pl files to Perl5 .pm modules
play - play any sound file to audio device rec - record audio to any sound file format
playmidi [s|x]playmidi [-8cCdeEfF4gGiImoprRtvVz] [file ...]
plaympeg - MPEG audio (MP3) and video (MPEG-1) player
pltotf - convert property list files to TeX font metric (tfm) format
pmafm
pmake [-Beiknqrst] [-D variable] [-d flags] [-f makefile] [-I directory] [-j max_jobs] [-m directory] [-V variable] [variable=value] [target ...]
pmcd
pmcd_wait
pmclient
pmdabrocade
pmdaespping
pmdamailq
pmdampi
pmdasample
pmdasendmail
pmdashping
pmdasimple
pmdasnia
pmdasummary
pmdate
pmdatrace
pmdatrivial
pmdatxmon
pmdaweblog
pmdbg
pmdumplog
pmdumptext
pmerr
pmgenmap
pmhostname
pmie
pmie_check
pmieconf
pminfo
pmkstat
pmlc
pmlock
pmlogcheck
pmlogconf
pmlogextract
pmlogger
pmlogger_check
pmlogsummary
pmnewlog
pmnsadd
pmnscomp
pmnsdel
pmnsmerge
pmpost
pmprobe
pmshub
pmsocks
pmstat
pmstore
pmtrace
pmval
pngtopnm - convert a Portable Network Graphics file into a portable anymap
pnm2ppa - convert portable anymap (PNM) images to HP's PPA printer format
pnmalias - antialias a portable anyumap
pnmarith - perform arithmetic on two portable anymaps
pnmcat - concatenate portable anymaps
pnmcomp - composite (overlay) two portable anymap files together
pnmconvol - general MxN convolution on a portable anymap
pnmcrop - crop a portable anymap
pnmcut - cut a rectangle out of a PBM, PGM, or PPM image
pnmdepth - change the maxval in a portable anymap
pnmenlarge - read a portable anymap and enlarge it N times
pnmfile - describe a portable anymap
pnmflip - perform one or more flip operations on a portable anymap
pnmgamma - perform gamma correction on a portable anymap
pnmhisteq - histogram equalise a portable anymap
pnmhistmap - draw a histogram for a PGM or PPM file
pnmindex - build a visual index of a bunch of anymaps
pnminterp - scale up portable anymap by interpolating between pixels
pnminterp-gen - use pnminterp and pnmscale to scale by non-integer values
pnminvert - invert a portable anymap
pnmmargin - add a border to a portable anymap
pnmmontage - create a montage of portable anymaps
pnmnlfilt - non-linear filters: smooth, alpha trim mean, optimal estimation smoothing, edge enhancement
pnmpad - add borders to portable anymap
pnmpaste - paste a rectangle into a portable anymap
pnmpsnr - compute the difference between two images (the PSNR)
pnmrotate - rotate a portable anymap by some angle
pnmscale - scale a PNM image
pnmscalefixed - scale a PNM file quickly
pnmshear - shear a portable anymap by some angle
pnmsmooth - smooth out an image
pnmsplit - split a multi-image PNM file into multiple sin­ gle-image files
pnmtile - replicate a portable anymap into a specified size
pnmtoddif - Convert a portable anymap to DDIF format
pnmtofiasco - Convert PNM file to FIASCO compressed file
pnmtofits - convert a portable anymap into FITS format
pnmtopalm - convert a portable anymap into a Palm pixmap
pnmtoplainpnm - convert portable any map to plain (ASCII) anymap format
pnmtopng - convert a portable anymap into a Portable Net­ work Graphics file
pnmtops - convert portable anymap to PostScript
pnmtorast - convert a portable pixmap into a Sun raster­ file
pnmtorle - convert a Netpbm image file into an RLE image file
pnmtosgi - convert a portable anymap to a SGI image file
pnmtosir - convert a portable anymap into a Solitaire for­ mat
pnmtotiff - convert a PNM image to a TIFF file
pnmtotiffcmyk - convert a a portable anymap into a CMYK encoded TIFF file
pnmtoxwd - convert a portable anymap into an X11 window dump
pod2html - convert .pod files to .html files
pod2man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
pod2text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
pod2usage - print usage messages from embedded pod docs in files
podchecker - check the syntax of POD format documentation files
podselect - print selected sections of pod documentation on standard output
pooltype - display a WEB pool file
popd bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
postgres - Run a PostgreSQL single-user backend
postgresql-dump - a utility to dump and destroy a Post­ greSQL database when the database format becomes incompat­ ible with a previous version
postmaster - PostgreSQL multi-user database server
ppm2tiff - create a TIFF file from a PPM image file
ppm3d - convert two portable pixmap into a red/blue 3d glasses pixmap
ppmbrighten - change an images Saturation and Value from an HSV map
ppmchange - change all pixels of one color to another in a portable pixmap
ppmcie - draw a CIE colour chart in a portable pixmap
ppmcolormask - produce mask of areas of a certain color in a PPM file
ppmdim - dim a portable pixmap down to total blackness
ppmdist - simplistic grayscale assignment for machine gen­ erated, color images
ppmdither - ordered dither for color images
ppmfade - generate a transition between two image files using special effects
ppmflash - brighten a picture up to complete white-out
ppmforge - fractal forgeries of clouds, planets, and starry skies
ppmhist - print a histogram of a portable pixmap
ppmlabel - add text to a portable pixmap
ppmmake - create a pixmap of a specified size and color
ppmmix - blend together two portable pixmaps
ppmnorm - normalize the contrast in a portable pixmap
ppmntsc - Make RGB colors legal for NTSC or PAL color sys­ tems
ppmpat - make a pretty pixmap
ppmquant - quantize the colors in a portable pixmap down to a specified number
ppmquantall - run ppmquant on a bunch of files all at once, so they share a common colormap
ppmqvga - 8 plane quantization
ppmrelief - run a Laplacian relief filter on a portable pixmap
ppmshadow - add simulated shadows to a portable pixmap image
ppmshift - shift lines of a portable pixmap left or right by a random amount
ppmspread - displace a portable pixmap's pixels by a ran­ dom amount
ppmtoacad - convert portable pixmap to AutoCAD database or slide
ppmtobmp - convert a portable pixmap into a BMP file
ppmtoeyuv - convert a portable pixmap into a Berkeley YUV file
ppmtogif - convert a portable pixmap into a GIF file
ppmtoicr - convert a portable pixmap into NCSA ICR format
ppmtoilbm - convert a portable pixmap into an ILBM file
ppmtojpeg - convert portable pixmap into a JPEG/JFIF file
ppmtoleaf - convert PPM image to Interleaf image format
ppmtolj - convert a portable pixmap to an HP LaserJet PCL 5 Color file
ppmtomap - extract all colors from a portable pixmap
ppmtomitsu - convert a portable pixmap to a Mitsubishi S340-10 file
ppmtompeg - encodes MPEG-1 bitstreams
ppmtopcx - convert a portable pixmap into a PCX file
ppmtopgm - convert a portable pixmap into a portable graymap
ppmtopi1 - convert a portable pixmap into an Atari Degas .pi1 file
ppmtopict - convert a portable pixmap into a Macintosh PICT file
ppmtopj - convert a portable pixmap to an HP PaintJet file
ppmtopjxl - convert a portable pixmap into an HP PaintJet XL PCL file
ppmtopuzz - convert a portable pixmap into an X11 "puzzle" file
ppmtorgb3 - separate a portable pixmap into three portable graymaps
ppmtosixel - convert a portable pixmap into DEC sixel for­ mat
ppmtotga - convert portable pixmap into a TrueVision Targa file
ppmtouil - convert a portable pixmap into a Motif UIL icon file
ppmtowinicon - convert 1 or more portable pixmaps into a Windows .ico file
ppmtoxpm - convert a PPM iamge into an X11 pixmap
ppmtoyuv - convert a portable pixmap into an Abekas YUV file
ppmtoyuvsplit - convert a portable pixmap into 3 subsam­ pled raw YUV files
ppmtv - make a portable pixmap look like taken from an American TV
pqlist - List available NetWare print queues
pqrm - Remove job from NetWare print queue
pqstat - List jobs in NetWare print queue
pr - convert text files for printing
prctl - Process operations
prev - show the previous message
printafm - Print the metrics from a Postscript font in AFM format using ghostscript
printenv - print all or part of environment
printf - format and print data
printmail - format mail in a readable fashion for printing
procmail - autonomous mail processor
profile.pl - a Perl script to run profile experiments using pfmon
prompter - prompting editor front-end for nmh
propwatch - a tool to monitor X11 properties
ps
ps2ascii - Ghostscript translator from PostScript or PDF to ASCII
ps2epsi - generate conforming Encapsulated PostScript
ps2frag - obsolete shell script for the PSfrag system
ps2pdf - Convert PostScript to PDF using ghostscript ps2pdf12 - Convert PostScript to PDF 1.2 (Acrobat 3-and- later compatible) using ghostscript ps2pdf13 - Convert PostScript to PDF 1.3 (Acrobat 4-and- later compatible) using ghostscript
ps2pdfwr - Convert PostScript to PDF without specifying CompatibilityLevel, using ghostscript
ps2pk - creates a TeX pkfont from a type1 PostScript font
ps2ps - Ghostscript PostScript "distiller"
psbanner - text banner pclbanner - pcl format banner psbanner - PostScript format banner
psbook - rearrange pages in PostScript file into signa­ tures
pserver - NetWare print server
psfaddtable - add a Unicode character table to a console font
psfgettable - extract the embedded Unicode character table from a console font
psfstriptable - remove the embedded Unicode character table from a console font
psidtopgm - convert PostScript "image" data into a portable graymap
psmandup - print duplex on non duplex printers
psmerge - filter to merge several PostScript files into one
psnup - multiple pages per sheet
psql - Postgres interactive terminal
psresize - multiple pages per sheet
psselect - select pages from a PostScript file
psset - insert page device request in PostScript files
pstopnm - convert a PostScript file into a portable anymap
pstops - shuffle pages in a PostScript file
pstree - display a tree of processes
pstruct - Dump C structures as generated from `cc -g -S' stabs
ptx - produce a permuted index of file contents
pushd bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
pvf - utilities to convert various sound formats
pwd - print name of current/working directory
python2 - an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented pro­ gramming language

Q

qrttoppm - convert output from the QRT ray tracer into a portable pixmap
qt2kdoc -- Generates cross-reference file suitable for use with KDOC from Qt Toolkit HTML documentation
quota - display disk usage and limits

R

radio - console radio application
ranlib - generate index to archive
ras2tiff - create a TIFF file from a Sun rasterfile
rasttopnm - convert a Sun rasterfile into a portable anymap
rawtopgm - convert raw grayscale bytes into a portable graymap
rawtoppm - convert raw RGB bytes into a portable pixmap
rcp rcp [-px] file1 file2 rcp [-px] [-r] file ... directory
rcs - change RCS file attributes
rcsclean - clean up working files
rcsdiff - compare RCS revisions
rcsintro - introduction to RCS commands
rcsmerge - merge RCS revisions
rcvdist - asynchronously redistribute new mail
rcvpack - append message to file
rcvstore - asynchronously incorporate mail into a folder
rcvtty - report new mail
rdate - get the time via the network
rdjpgcom - display text comments from a JPEG file
read bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
readelf - Displays information about ELF files
read-ical - coverts information on your Palm Computing Device into an Ical-formatted calendar
readlink - print contents of symbolic link
readmsg - extract messages from a mail folder
readonly bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
readprofile - a tool to read kernel profiling information
recon - Check if LAM can be started
record - records *.wav files
refer - preprocess bibliographic references for groff
reference - MRTG 2.9.5 configuration reference
refile - file message in other folders
rename - Rename files
repl - reply to a message
replace - A utility program that is used by msql2mysql, but that has more general applicability as well. replace changes strings in place in files or on the standard input. Uses a finite state machine to match longer strings first. Can be used to
req - PKCS#10 certificate and certificate generating utility
return bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
rev rev [file]
rgb2ycbcr - convert non-YCbCr TIFF images to a YCbCr TIFF image
rgb3toppm - combine three portable graymaps into one portable pixmap
rhmask - generates and recovers file masks
richtext - View a richtext document, typically a mail mes­ sage
rletopnm - convert a Utah Raster Tools RLE image file into a PNM image file
rlog - print log messages and other information about RCS files
rlogin rlogin [-8EKLdx] [-e char] [-l username] host
rm - remove files or directories
rmdir - remove empty directories
rmdtovbox - isdn voice box (sound converter)
rmf - remove an nmh folder
rmm - remove messages
rnews - receive news from a UUCP connection
rootv - display TV/video as root window background
rpcgen - an RPC protocol compiler
rpm2html - make an html database from rpm repository
rpmfind - find rpms on the internet
rpmprune - Remove unneeded files from a list of RPM pack­ age files
rsa - RSA key processing tool
rsautl - RSA utility
rsh rsh [-Kdnx] [-l username] host [command]
rsync - faster, flexible replacement for rcp
runscript - script interpreter for minicom
runtest - the DejaGnu test driver program
rup rup [-dshlt] [host ...]
ruptime ruptime [-alrtu]
rusers rusers [-al] [host ...]
rwall rwall host [file]
rwho rwho [-a]
rz - XMODEM, YMODEM, ZMODEM (Batch) file receive

S

s2p - Sed to Perl translator
safe_mysqld safe_mysqld is the recommended way to start a mysqld dae­ mon on Unix. safe_mysqld adds some safety features such as restarting the server when an error occurs and logging run-time information to a log file
saned - SANE network daemon
sane-find-scanner - find SCSI scanners and their device files
sar - Collect, report, or save system activity informa­ tion
saucer - interactive X.500 Directory client program
sbigtopgm - convert an SBIG CCDOPS file into a portable graymap
scan - produce a one line per message scan listing
scanimage - scan an image
scantv - scan a v4l device for TV stations
s_client - SSL/TLS client program
scp scp [-pqrvC46] [-S program] [-P port] [-c cipher] [-i identity_file] [-o option] [[user@]host1:]file1 [...] [[user@]host2:]file2
screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
script script [-a] [-f] [-q] [file]
scsitape - control SCSI tape devices
sdiff - find differences between two files and merge interactively
sed - a Stream EDitor
send - send a message
sendfiles - send multiple files via a MIME message
seq - print a sequence of numbers
sess_id - SSL/TLS session handling utility
set bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
setfacl - set file access control lists
setfattr - set extended attributes of filesystem objects
seticons - sets the icon images used in Window Maker
setleds - set the keyboard leds
setmetamode - define the keyboard meta key handling
setstyle - set style related options for Window Maker or loads a theme
setterm - set terminal attributes
sftp sftp [-vC] [-b batchfile] [-o ssh_option] [host] sftp [[user@]host[:file [file]]] sftp [[user@]host[:dir[/]]]
sgi2tiff - create a TIFF file from an SGI image file
sgitopnm - convert a SGI image file to a portable anymap
sgml2html - create HTML output from a SGML source file
sgml2info - create GNU info output from a SGML source file
sgml2latex - create LaTeX, DVI or PostScript output from a SGML source file
sgml2lyx
sgml2rtf - create RTF output from a SGML source file
sgml2txt - create plain text output from a SGML source file
sgmlcheck - check the syntax of an SGML-Tools document file
sgmldiff - Find differences in the markup of two SGML files
sgmlsasp - translate output of sgmls using ASP replacement files
sgmltools - SGML-tools translators to other markup lan­ guages
sha1sum - compute and check SHA1 message digest
shar - create shell archives
shift bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
shlock - create lock files for use in shell scripts
shopt bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
show - show (display) messages
showaudio - Play an audio email message
showcfont - displays all characters in the current screen- font
showexternal - Fetch and display the body of a mail mes­ sage that is included by reference
showkey - examine the scan codes and keycodes sent by the keyboard
shownonascii - View all or part of a mail message in a non-ASCII font
showpartial - Fetch and display the body of a mail message that is included by reference
showpicture - View an image received in the mail
showriff - show structure of RIFF files (wav, avi, ...)
shred - delete a file securely, first overwriting it to hide its contents
shrinkfile - shrink a file on a line boundary
simpleftp - rudimentary ftp client
sirtopnm - convert a Solitaire file into a portable anymap
size - list section sizes and total size
skill skill [signal to send] [options] process selection criteria snice [new priority] [options] process selection criteria
sldtoppm - convert an AutoCAD slide file into a portable pixmap
sleep - delay for a specified amount of time
sliceprint - slice documents with long lines
slist - Lists available NetWare Servers
slocal - asynchronously filter and deliver new mail
slocate - Security Enhanced version of the GNU Locate
slogin ssh [-l login_name] [hostname | user@hostname] [command] ssh [-afgknqstvxACNPTX1246] [-c cipher_spec] [-e escape_char] [-i identity_file] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-o option] [-p port] [-L port:host:hostport] [-R port:host:hostport] [hostname |
slrn - An easy to use NNTP / spool based newsreader
smbclient - ftp-like client to access SMB/CIFS resources on servers
smbstatus - report on current Samba connections
smbtar - shell script for backing up SMB/CIFS shares directly to UNIX tape drives
smime - S/MIME utility
snice skill [signal to send] [options] process selection criteria snice [new priority] [options] process selection criteria
snmpbulkget - communicates with a network entity using SNMP BULK Requests
snmpbulkwalk - communicates with a network entity using SNMP BULK Requests
snmpcmd - commmands to communicate with a network entity using SNMP Requests
snmpd - daemon to respond to SNMP request packets
snmpdelta - Monitor deltas of integer valued SNMP vari­ ables
snmpdf - gets a listing of disk space usage on a remote machine via SNMP
snmpget - communicates with a network entity using SNMP GET Requests
snmpgetnext - communicates with a network entity using SNMP GET NEXT Requests
snmpinform - sends an SNMP trap to a manager
snmpnetstat - show network status using SNMP
snmpset - communicates with a network entity using SNMP SET Requests
snmpstatus - Retrieves important information from a net­ work entity
snmptable - obtain and print an SNMP table
snmptest - communicates with a network entity using SNMP Requests
snmptranslate - translate SNMP objects into more useful information
snmptrap - sends an SNMP trap to a manager
snmpusm - creates and maintains SNMPv3 user's on a remote entity
snmpwalk - communicates with a network entity using SNMP GET Next Requests
soelim - interpret .so requests in groff input
sort - sort lines of text files
sortm - sort messages
source bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
sox - Sound eXchange : universal sound sample translator
soxexam - SoX Examples (CHEAT SHEET)
spctoppm - convert an Atari compressed Spectrum file into a portable pixmap
speed - test library performance
spkac - SPKAC printing and generating utility
splain - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warn­ ing diagnostics splain - standalone program to do the same thing
split - split a file into pieces
splitmail - Split a large mail message into MIME-compliant partial messages
spottopgm - convert SPOT satellite images to Portable Greymap format
sprof - Read and display shared object profiling data
sputoppm - convert an Atari uncompressed Spectrum file into a portable pixmap
squid - using mrtg to monitor Squid
s_server - SSL/TLS server program
ssh ssh [-l login_name] [hostname | user@hostname] [command] ssh [-afgknqstvxACNPTX1246] [-c cipher_spec] [-e escape_char] [-i identity_file] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-o option] [-p port] [-L port:host:hostport] [-R port:host:hostport] [hostname |
ssh-add ssh-add [-lLdD] [file ...]
ssh-agent ssh-agent command args ... ssh-agent [-c | -s] ssh-agent -k
ssh-keygen ssh-keygen [-q] [-b bits] [-t type] [-N new_passphrase] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile] ssh-keygen -p [-P old_passphrase] [-N new_passphrase] [-f keyfile] ssh-keygen -i [-f input_keyfile] ssh-keygen -e [-f input_keyfile]
ssh-keyscan -- | host | addrlist namelist] [-f files ...]
sslpasswd - compute password hashes
sslrand - generate pseudo-random bytes
startinnfeed - setuid root program to start innfeed
stat - display file or filesystem status
states - awk alike text processing tool
statserial - display serial port modem status lines
strace - trace system calls and signals
streamer - record audio and/or video
strfile - create a random access file for storing strings unstr - dump strings in pointer order
strings - print the strings of printable characters in files
strip - Discard symbols from object files
stty - change and print terminal line settings
su - run a shell with substitute user and group IDs
subtitles - display subtitles within xawtv
sum - checksum and count the blocks in a file
suspend bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
swig - produce scripting language wrapper code from an interface specification file
switchdesk - graphical and text mode interface for choos­ ing desktop environment
switchto - switch to a new virtual terminal (VT)
sync - flush filesystem buffers
sz - XMODEM, YMODEM, ZMODEM file send

T

tac - concatenate and print files in reverse
tack - terminfo action checker
tail - output the last part of files
talk talk person [ttyname]
tangle - translate WEB to Pascal
tapeinfo - report SCSI tape device info
tar - The GNU version of the tar archiving utility
tbl - format tables for troff
tcl3270 - IBM host access tool
tclsh
tcsh - C shell with file name completion and command line editing
tee - read from standard input and write to standard out­ put and files
telnet telnet [-8EFKLacdfrx] [-X authtype] [-b hostalias] [-e escapechar] [-k realm] [-l user] [-n tracefile] [host [port]]
test - check file types and compare values
testparm - check an smb.conf configuration file for internal correctness
testprns - check printer name for validity with smbd
tethereal - Dump and analyze network traffic
tex - text formatting and typesetting
texconfig - configures teTeX
texi2dvi - print Texinfo documents
texi2dvi4a2ps - Compile Texinfo and LaTeX files to DVI or PDF
texi2html - a Texinfo to HTML converter
texindex - sort Texinfo index files
tfmtodit - create font files for use with groff -Tdvi
tftopl - convert TeX font metric (tfm) files to property lists
tftp tftp [host]
tgatoppm - convert TrueVision Targa file into a portable pixmap
thinkjettopbm - convert HP ThinkJet printer commands file to PBM
thumbnail - create a TIFF file with thumbnail images
tic - the terminfo entry-description compiler
tie - merge or apply WEB change files
tiff2bw - convert a color TIFF image to greyscale
tiff2ps - convert a TIFF image to POSTSCRIPT
tiffcmp - compare two TIFF files
tiffcp - copy (and possibly convert) a TIFF file
tiffdither - convert a greyscale image to bilevel using dithering
tiffdump - print verbatim information about TIFF files
tiffgt - display an image stored in a TIFF file (Silicon Graphics version)
tiffinfo - print information about TIFF files
tiffmedian - apply the median cut algorithm to data in a TIFF file
tiffsplit - split a multi-image TIFF into single-image TIFF files
tiffsv - save an image from the framebuffer in a TIFF file (Silicon Graphics version)
tifftopnm - convert a TIFF file into a portable anymap
time - time a simple command or give resource usage
times bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
timidity - MIDI to WAV converter and player
tixwish
tkill - Terminate LAM on one node
tknewsbiff - pop up a window when news appears
tload - graphic representation of system load average
toast -- GSM 06.10 lossy sound compression
toe - table of (terminfo) entries
tomac - Transmit files to the Mac
top - display top CPU processes
topology - Program to display Altix 3000 machine configu­ ration
touch - change file timestamps
tping - Send echo messages to LAM nodes
tput - initialize a terminal or query terminfo database
tr - translate or delete characters
trap bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
tree - list contents of directories in a tree-like format
troff - format documents
true - do nothing, successfully
tset - terminal initialization
tsort - perform topological sort
ttcp - test TCP and UDP performance
ttv - display TV/video on a tty
tty - print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input
type bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
typeset bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,

U

ud - interactive LDAP Directory Server query program
ul ul [-i] [-t terminal] [name ...]
ulimit bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
umask bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
umb-scheme - UMB Scheme ($Revision: 3.2 $)
unalias bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
uname - print system information
unbuffer - unbuffer output
unexpand - convert spaces to tabs
unicode_start - put the console in Unicode mode
unicode_stop - put the console out of unicode mode (ie. in 8-bit mode)
uniq - remove duplicate lines from a sorted file
units - unit conversion program
unix2dos - UNIX to DOS text file format converter
unix-guide - Instructions for running MRTG 2.9.5 on a Unix Box
unset bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
unshar - unpack a shar file
until bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
unzip - list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
unzipsfx - self-extracting stub for prepending to ZIP archives
updatedb - update the slocate database
uptime - Tell how long the system has been running
urlview - URL extractor/launcher
userinfo - A graphical equivilient to chfn
usermount - A graphical tool to mount, unmount and format filesystems
userpasswd - A graphical tool to allow users to change their passwords
users - print the user names of users currently logged in to the current host
usleep - sleep some number of microseconds
uucico - UUCP file transfer daemon
uucp - Unix to Unix copy
uudecode - encode a binary file uudecode - decode a file created by uuencode
uuencode - encode a binary file uudecode - decode a file created by uuencode
uuidgen - command-line utility to create a new UUID value
uustat - UUCP status inquiry and control
uux - Remote command execution over UUCP
uuxqt - UUCP execution daemon

V

v4l-conf - configure a video4linux driver
v4lctl -- control video4linux devices
vacuumdb - Clean and analyze a Postgres database
vboxbeep - isdn voice box (beeper)
vboxconvert - isdn voice box (converter backend)
vboxctrl - control vbox functions
vboxmode - detect format of isdn voice file
vboxplay - play vbox sound files
vboxtoau - isdn voice box (sound converter)
vdir - list directory contents
verify - Utility to verify certificates
version - print OpenSSL version information
vftovp - convert virtual font (vf) files to virtual prop­ erty lists (vpl)
viewfax - display fax files in an X11 window
vim - Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
vimtutor - the Vim tutor
vlock - Virtual Console lock program
vmh - visual front-end to nmh
vptovf - convert virtual property lists to virtual font metrics
vt-is-UTF8 - check whether current VT is in UTF8- or byte- mode
vtysh - a integrated shell for Zebra routing software

W

w - Show who is logged on and what they are doing
w3m - a text based Web browser and pager
wait bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
wall -- send a message to everybody's terminal
watch - execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen
wbmptopbm - convert a wireless bitmap (wbmp) file to a portable bitmap (pbm)
wc - print the number of bytes, words, and lines in files
wdwrite - writes keys and values to the defaults database
weave - translate WEB to TeX
webalizer - A web server log file analysis tool
webcam - capture images and upload them to a webserver using ftp
webserver - hints for web server configuration
wftopfa - Convert a Wadalab base font to Postscript .PFA (or .PFB) format using ghostscript
wget - GNU Wget Manual
whatis - search the whatis database for complete words
whatnow - prompting front-end for sending messages
whereis - locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command
which - shows the full path of (shell) commands
while bash, :, ., alias, bg, bind, break, builtin, case, cd, command, continue, declare, dirs, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, for, getopts, hash, help, history, if, jobs, kill, let, local, logout, popd, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, return, set, shift, shopt,
who - show who is logged on
whoami - print effective userid
whois - query a whois or nicname database
whom - report to whom a message would go
Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
windres - manipulate Windows resources
winicontoppm - convert a Windows .ico file into 1 or more portable pixmap files
wipe - Shutdown LAM
wish
wmaker - X11 window manager with a NEXTSTEP look
wmsetbg - sets the background on the X11 display
wmxmms - a dockable XMMS control applet
wnewmail - programs to asynchronously notify of new mail
write - send a message to another user
wrjpgcom - insert text comments into a JPEG file
wsetfont - font/language setting utility for Window Maker
wvdial - PPP dialer with built-in intelligence
wvdialconf - build a configuration file for wvdial(1)
wxcopy - copy stdin or file into cutbuffer
wxpaste - output a cutbuffer to stdout

X

x3270if - command interface to x3270, c3270 and s3270
x3270-script Scripting Facilities for x3270, s3270 and c3270
x509 - Certificate display and signing utility
xargs - build and execute command lines from standard input
xawtv - a X11 program for watching TV
xawtv-remote -- control video4linux devices
xbmtopbm - convert an X11 or X10 bitmap into a portable bitmap
xcam - a graphical camera frontend for SANE
xdelta - Invoke XDelta
Xdialog - (c)dialog replacement for X-Windows
xdvi - DVI Previewer for the X Window System
ximtoppm - convert an Xim file into a portable pixmap
xkibitz - allow multiple people to interact in an xterm
xml2-config - script to get information about the installed version of GNOME-XML
xmlcatalog - Command line tool to parse and manipulate XML or SGML catalog files
xmllint - command line XML tool
xmms - an audio player for X
xnmap - GTK+ graphical frontend to the Nmap Secu­ rity Scanner
xpdf - Portable Document Format (PDF) file viewer for X (version 0.92)
xpmtoppm - convert an X11 pixmap into a PPM image
xsane - scanner frontend for SANE
xscanimage - scan an image
xsltproc - command line xslt processor
xsubpp - compiler to convert Perl XS code into C code
xvminitoppm - convert a XV "thumbnail" picture to PPM
xwdtopnm - convert a X11 or X10 window dump file into a portable anymap
xxd - make a hexdump or do the reverse

Y

yacc yacc [-dlrtv] [-b file_prefix] [-o output_filename] [-p symbol_prefix] filename
yapp - A perl frontend to the Parse::Yapp module
ybmtopbm - convert a Bennet Yee "face" file into a portable bitmap
yes - output a string repeatedly until killed
ypcat - print values of all keys in a NIS database
ypchfn - change your password in the NIS database
ypchsh - change your password in the NIS database
ypdomainname - show or set the system's host name domainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name dnsdomainname - show the system's DNS domain name nisdomainname - show or set system's NIS/YP domain name ypdomainname - show or set the system's NIS/YP domain name
ypmatch - print the values of one or more keys from a NIS map
yppasswd - change your password in the NIS database
ypwhich - return name of NIS server or map master
ytalk - A multi-user chat program
yuvsplittoppm - convert a Y- an U- and a V-file into a portable pixmap
yuvtoppm - convert Abekas YUV bytes into a portable pixmap

Z

zcat - compress or expand files
zcmp - compare compressed files
zdiff - compare compressed files
zeisstopnm - convert a Zeiss confocal file into a portable anymap
zforce - force a '.gz' extension on all gzip files
zgrep - search possibly compressed files for a regular expression
zip - package and compress (archive) files
zipgrep - search files in a ZIP archive for lines matching a pattern
zipinfo - list detailed information about a ZIP archive
zless - file perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text
zmore - file perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text
znew - recompress .Z files to .gz files
zplay - modem utility to record and play voice files
zsh - the Z shell
zshall - the Z shell meta-man page
zshbuiltins - zsh built-in commands
zshcompctl - zsh programmable completion
zshcompsys - zsh completion system
zshcompwid - zsh completion widgets
zshcontrib - user contributions to zsh
zshexpn - zsh expansion and substitution
zshmisc - everything and then some
zshmodules - zsh loadable modules
zshoptions - zsh options
zshparam - zsh parameters
zshzftpsys - zftp function front-end
zshzle - zsh command line editor